LC 



PLANS FOR VOCATIONAL 
EDUCATION IN TEXAS 



1920^-1921 



x 



.^SLjo>'* 




BULLETIN NO. 125 



STATE BOARD EOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 
AUSTIN, TEXAS 



^oaQgrra 



Ph 



I 



BULLETIN 125 



NOVEMBER, 1920 



OUTLINE OF PLANS 



FOR 



VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 
IN TEXAS 

UNDER THE SMITH-HUGHES ACT 



ADOPTED BY 

THE STATE BOARD FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 

AND APPROVED BY 

THE FEDERAL BOARD FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 



1920-1921 



AUSTIN, TEXAS 
STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 



A578-1O2O-150O-L175 



*T4> 



FEDERAL BOARD FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 

MEMBERS. 



William B. Wilson, Chairman, 
Secretary of Agriculture. 

Joshua W. Alexander, 

Secretary of Commerce. 

Arthur E. Holder, 
Labor. 



James P. Munroe, Vice-Chairman, 
Manufacture and Commerce. 

Edwin T. Meredith, 

Secretary of Agriculture. 

Calvin F. McIntosh, 
Agriculture. 



P. P. Claxton, Commissioner of Education. 

EXECUTIVE STAFF. 

Uel W. Lamkin, Director. 

Layton S. Hawkins, Assistant Director, Vocational Education. 

R. T. Fisher, Assistant Director, Vocational Rehabilitation. 

STATE BOARD FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 

W. P. Hobby, Governor of Texas, Chairman. 
C. D. Mims, Secretary of State. M. L. Wiginton, Comptroller. 

Executive Officer and Secretary of Board. 

Annie Webb Blanton, State Superintendent of Public Instruction. 

ADMINISTRATION STAFF. 

Agricultural Education. 

C. L. Davis, State Director, Chairman. 

J. H. Hinds, Assistant State Director. J. B. Rutland, Assistant State Director. 

Traate and Industrial Education. 

N. S. Hunsdon, State Director. 

Lizzie M. Barbour, Assistant State Director. 

Home Economics Education. 
Jessie W. Harris, State Director. Lillian Peek, Assistant State Director. 

PROFESSORS OF TEACHER TRAINING. 

University of Texas, Austin. 

Silas M. Ransopher, Trades and Industries for Men. 

Laura Murray, Trades and Industries for Women. 

Bess Heflin, Home Economics. 

Agricultural and M'echanical College, College Station. 
Martin L. Hayes, Professor of Vocational Education. 

College of Industrial Arts, Denton. 
Joan Hamilton, Home Economics. 

Southwest Texas State Normal College, San Marcos. 
Maude Thompson, Home Economics. 

Prairie View Normal College (for negroes), Prairie View. 
B. F. Bullock, Agriculture. , W. : P. Terrell, Trades and Industries. 

EvApESOTTtrPATTS: ' 'MSmYTEmmrmics. 
LIBRARY Or" CONQRESS 

- ir - - ■ • ; rr - 

MAY 8^192! 

DOCUMENTS MOH 



t 

x 
ft 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 
State Board for Vocational Education and Administration Staff 2 

State Plan 9 

I. Administration and Supervision 9 

II. General Conditions 12 

III. Agricultural Education 13 

IV. Trade, Home Economics and Industrial Education 17 

1 . Tentative Budget 17 

2. Trade and Industrial Education 17 

3. Home Economics Education 28 

V. Teacher-training 34 

1. Proposed Use of Funds 34 

2. Agriculture 35 

3. Trades and Industries 36 

4. Home Economics 43 

Exhibits 47 

Agriculture 47 

I. Teacher-training Courses in Vocational Agriculture 47 

1 . For Whites 47 

Agricultural and Mechanical College 47 

2. For Negroes 48 

Prairie View Normal and Industrial College 48 

Trades and Industry 48 

I. Evening Industrial Schools or Classes 48 

1. Shop 49 

2. Related Subjects 52 

II. Part-time Schools or Classes 53 

1 . Trade Extension 53 

2. Trade Preparatory 54 

3. General Continuation 54 

4. Commercial 54 

5. Retail Selling 55 

III. Day Unit Trade Schools or Classes 56 

IV. Teacher-training Courses in Trades and Industry 56 

1. Agricultural and Mechanical College 56 

2. University of Texas 57 

Home Economics 58 

I. Types of Unit Courses in Evening and Part-time Schools 58 

II. Tables Explaining Terminology for Subjects for All-day Schools... 59 

III. Types of Courses of Study for the All-day School . : 60 

IV. Types of Courses of Study for the Negro Schools 61 

V. Teacher-training Courses in Vocational Home Economics 63 

1. For Whites 63 

A. University of Texas 63 

B. College of Industrial Arts 64 

C. Southwest Texas Normal College 65 

2. For Negroes : 

Prairie View Normal and Industrial College 65 

The Smith-Hughes Act 67 

Available Bulletins Inside Cover Page 



FOREWORD 



The Smith-Hughes Act was approved by Congress February 23, 1917. 

Purpose. 

"An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational education. To 
provide for cooperation with the states in the promotion of such edu- 
cation in agriculture, trades and industries, and home economics sub- 
jects; to provide for cooperation with the states in preparation of teach- 
ers of vocational subjects, and to appropriate money and regulate its 
expenditure." 

The provisions of the Federal Act were accepted by the State of 
Texas in 1917. 

The following constitutes a brief summary of vocational work in 
Texas from 1918-1920 : 

1917-18. 

A director of agricultural education was appointed December 1, 1917. 

A director of trade and industrial education was appointed January 
15, 1918, and a director of home economics education January 13, 1918. 

During this year the directors of vocational work visited many schools 
in the state, acquainting them with the program for vocational work 
and establishing vocational departments as follows: agriculture, 16 
schools; trades and industries, day vocational classes in two schools, 
and evening classes in eight schools; home economics, two day schools 
for whites, one day school for negroes, and four classes in evening 
schools. 

Plans were put under way for training vocational teachers in the 
following institutions : 

Agriculture. — Agricultural and Mechanical College, Prairie View 
Normal and Industrial College. 

Trades and Industries. — Agricultural and Mechanical College, Uni- 
versity of Texas. 

Home Economics. — College of Industrial Arts. 

Federal Funds Available in 1917-18. 

For salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricul- 
tural subjects $29,974.72 

For salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and in- 
dustrial subjects 11,974.72 

For teacher-training and state supervision 21,259.77 



1918-19. 

A steady gain in all vocational work followed in 1918-19. 

An assistant agricultural supervisor was added to the staff. 

Thirty-one schools maintained and completed courses in vocational 
agriculture. Twenty evening- schools, four general continuation part- 
time schools, and five all -day trade schools were approved for federal 
aid in trades and industries. Eight day schools and eight evening 
classes engaged in vocational home economics work. 

Teacher-training was carried on in the following institutions: 

Agriculture. — Agricultural and Mechanical College, Prairie View 
Normal School (for negroes). 

Trades and Industries. — Agricultural and Mechanical College, Uni- 
versity of Texas. 

Home Economics. — College of Industrial Arts, University of Texas. 
Prairie View Normal was designated to train negro teachers. No work 
was done. 

The amount of federal money available for the year was as follows: 

For salaries of teachers, supervisors or directors of agricul- 
tural subjects $44,962.08 

For salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and indus- 
trial subjects 16,636.07 

For teacher-training and state supervision 29,763.68 

The state legislature made a special appropriation of $25,000 for 
rural schools and schools of small towns. 

1919-20. 

A director and two assistants were employed in agriculture, a director 
and assistant in trades and industries, and a director and assistant in 
home economics. 

Seventy-six schools completed work in vocational agriculture. Forty- 
eight evening classes in six different centers, eleven general continuation 
part-time classes in four centers, and fourteen all-day trade schools in 
seven centers satisfactorily completed their programs in trade and in- 
dustrial work. Twenty-nine day schools, and ten evening classes in 
three centers completed work in vocational home economics. 



Teacher-Training. 

All the institutions formerly approved continued their work. In ad- 
dition, Prairie View Normal School for negroes initiated a teacher- 
training course for teachers of vocational agriculture; Southwest Texas 
Normal College, and Prairie View Normal School for negroes initiated 
work in training teachers of vocational home economics. Sam Houston 



—7— 

Normal Institute, and West Texas Normal College have been desig- 
nated to train teachers of vocational agriculture, and North Texas Nor- 
mal College has been designated to train teachers of trades and indus- 
tries. Their programs have not been approved for federal aid as yet. 

The legislature re-enacted the Act of Acceptance for 1919-20 and 
1920-21. 

The available federal funds for 3 919-20 were as follows: 

For salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricul- 
tural subjects $59,949.44 

For salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and indus- 
trial subjects 22,181.43 

For teacher-training and state supervision 38,267.59 

1920-21. 

The following apportionment of federal funds has been made for 
Texas, 1920-21 : 

Federal fund for agriculture $74,936.80 

Federal fund for trade, home economics, and industry 27,726.77 

Federal fund for teacher-training 42,519.54 



OUTLINE OF PLANS FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 



STATE PLANS FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN TEXAS 
UNDER THE PROVISION OF THE SMITH-HUGHES LAW. 



I. Administration and Supervision. 

1. General direction of the vocational work will be under the control 

of the State Board for Vocational Education, which includes: 

William P. Hobby, Governor, Chairman. 

M. L. Wiginton, Comptroller. 

C. D. Minis, Secretary of State. 

Annie Webb Blanton, State Superintendent of Public Instruc- 
tion, who has been designated as executive officer of the 
State Board for Vocational Education. 

2. Agricultural education. 

A. Supervision. 

The State Board for Vocational Education will employ 
supervisors who will have direct supervision of voca- 
tional agricultural education in the state. It also pro- 
poses to use 11 per cent of the teacher-training fund 
for supervision and training of teachers in service, in 
accordance with the following plan. 

B. Plan for supervision and training of teachers in service. 

a. General supervision plan. 

(1) Inspecting schools and reporting upon the 

work done and methods employed. 

(2) Assisting in the establishment of new schools 

and classes. 

(3) Supplying literature on vocational agricul- 

ture to teachers. 

(4) Qualifications of supervisors. (See III. Ag- 

ricultural Education 7.) 

(5) Professional improvement. At the discretion 

of the Executive Officer of the State 
Board for Vocational Education, super- 
visors may be allowed to spend a month 
on pay in "professional improvement" 
during the summer. 

b. Plan for improvement of teachers in service. 

(1) Through systematic visitation of teachers for 

individual help. 

(2) By requiring of teachers monthly reports to 

the State Board for Vocational Educa- 
tion showing work done and methods of 
instruction used. These reports will be 
criticized and returned to the teachers. 



-10— 



(3) By holding conferences at which problems of 

the teacher will be discussed. 

(4) Through courses especially designed for 

teachers who are not agricultural college 
graduates. 

(5) By cooperating with the teacher-training in- 

stitutions in order that all teacher- 
training may be coordinated. 

Trade and industrial education: 

A. Supervision. 

The State Board for Vocational Education will employ 
supervisors who will have direct supervision of all in- 
dustrial education in the state. 

B. Qualifications of supervisors. 

a. Supervisors shall be at least twenty-five years of age. 

b. They shall have a high school education or its equiv- 

alent and at least three years of college training 
or its equivalent. 

c. They shall have at least three years' experience in 

teaching industrial education or first hand con- 
tact with trade and manufacturing conditions or 
the equivalent. 

d. They shall have made a study of the problems of in- 

dustrial education and be familiar with the lat- 
est developments in vocational education. 

e. Professional improvement. At the discretion of the 

Executive Officer of the State Board for Voca- 
tional Education, supervisors may be allowed to 
spend a month on pay in "professional improve- 
ment" during the summer. 

C. Plan of supervision and training of teachers in service. 

a. General supervision plan. 

(1) Preparation of bulletins and other special 

literature. 

(2) Assisting local communities in surveys, and 

the organization of classes. 

b. Plan for improvement of teachers in service. 

(1) By systematic visitation to teachers or local 

supervisors for individual help. 

(2) Definite reports from the teachers or local 

supervisors to the state supervisor. 

(3) State and sectional meetings of teachers at 

which the supervisors may give instruc- 
tion or provide other instruction. 

(4) A period of professional improvement for 

teachers under the direction of the state 
supervisor. 

(5) Cooperation between teacher-training institu- 

tions and the state supervisor, so that all 
teacher-training may be coordinated. 



—11— 



Home economics education: 

A. Supervision. 

The State Board for Vocational Education will employ 
supervisors who will have direct supervision of all voca- 
tional home economics education in the state. 

B. Plan of supervision. 

(1) Improvement of teachers in service. 

(a) Through systematic visitation to 

teachers for individual help. 

(b) Reports shall be made by the teach- 

ers to the state supervisor at the 
end of each term or semester, and 
at any other times designated by 
the state supervisor. 

(c) By state or sectional meetings of the 

teachers at which the supervisors 
may give instructions or provide 
other instruction. ( State meeting. ) 

(d) A period of professional improve- 

ment under the direction of the 
state supervisor of vocational home 
economics education. 

(e) Cooperation between teacher-training 

institutions and the state super- 
visor so that all teacher-training 
may be coordinated. 

(2) Promotion of new work. 

(a) By visits, conferences, and publica- 

tions give to other schools than 
those receiving aid for vocational 
home economics, information re- 
garding standards of work in voca- 
tional home economics classes. 

(b) By giving assistance to schools, in 

which vocational home economics 
has not been introduced, in teach- 
ing and maintaining vocational 
home economics. 

(c) By studying the needs of the state 

and determining the towns in 
which vocational home economics 
can be of greatest service, in order 
to put before the people the possi- 
bilities of vocational instruction, 
and to assist these communities to 
establish satisfactory vocational 
schools or courses. 

(3) The collection of information relating to 

home-making education in schools and 
communities; aiding in the preparation- 



—12— 

of bulletins and reports and Kelps for 
teachers, shall be a part of the duties of 
the supervisor. 
(4) The supervisor shall inspect the equipment 
and visit classroom and laboratory used 
for home economics classes and make 
reports and suggestions to the home 
economies teacher and the local board 
in schools aided by federal funds, or ap- 
plying for such aid. 
C. Qualifications of supervisors. 

a. Practical experience. 

Practical home-making experience of two years in 
adult life. 

b. She shall be a graduate of a four-year course in home 

economics in a college of high standing and have 
done some graduate work. 

c. Her college course shall have included not less than 

10 per cent professional educational courses. 

d. She shall have had two years of successful experience 

in teaching home economics in a high school or 
high schools, also experience in supervision and 
training of teachers. 

e. At the discretion of the Executive Officer of the State 

Board for Vocational Education, supervisors 
may be allowed to spend a month on pay in 
"professional improvement" during the summer. 
Teacher-training. 

All teacher-training for vocational teachers under the Smith- 
Hughes Act shall be under the supervision of the State 
Board for Vocational Education. Such training shall be 
given to persons who have had adequate vocational experi- 
ence, and in institutions under public supervision and con- 
trol. 
Teacher-training in agriculture will be under the direct super- 
vision of the State Supervisor of Agricultural Education. 
Teacher-training in industrial education will be under the 
direct supervision of the State Supervisor of Industrial 
Education. 
Teacher-training in home economics education will be under 
the direct supervision of the State Supervisor of Home Eco- 
nomics Education. 



II. Geneeal Conditions. 

Supervision and control. 

All vocational education under the Smith-Hughes Law shall be 
under public supervision and control. 

Controlling purpose. 

The purpose of the Smith-Hughes Law shall be to train per- 



—13— 

sons for useful and productive employment in agriculture, 
home economics, and trades and industries. 

3. Grade of work. 

All vocational education given under the Smith-Hughes Act 
shall be of less than college grade. 

4. Age of students. 

The instruction in vocational education shall be designed to 
meet the needs of persons over fourteen years of age who 
have entered upon, or who are preparing to enter upon, use- 
ful employment in agriculture, home economics, or trades 
and industries. 

5. Duplication of federal funds. 

All federal funds for vocational education shall be duplicated 
by state or local funds, or by both. 

6. Expenditure of funds. 

All federal funds for vocational education shall be used as re- 
imbursements to schools : 

A. For salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of voca- 

tional agriculture. 

B. For salaries of teachers of trade, home economics and in- 

dustrial subjects. 

C. For maintenance of teacher-training for vocational teachers. 

Maintenance does not include items (buildings, etc.) 
prohibited under Section 17 of the Act. 



III. Ageicultueal Education. 

1. Kinds of schools. 

It is proposed that federal moneys shall be used to reimburse 
the following types of schools for salaries of teachers, super- 
visors or directors of vocational agriculture: 

A. Special schools. 

B. Departments of vocational agriculture. 

2. Plant and equipment. 

A. For special schools of vocational agriculture there will be re- 

quired a farm of suitable size and suitably equipped to 
give supervised farm practice to all pupils enrolled in 
the agricultural courses; also laboratories properly 
equipped for giving instruction in the related sciences. 

B. For departments of vocational agriculture in high schools the 

following equipment shall be provided : 

a. A room fitted up primarily for instruction in agri- 

culture. 

b. A suitable room for properly storing apparatus and 

materials collected in the community. 

c. A good collection of reference books, bulletins, farm 

papers, and periodicals. 



—14— 



d. Sufficient equipment to demonstrate the various- 

phases of scientific farming. The equipment 
for a group of from 15 to 20 pupils will cost 
from $200 to $300, in addition to the equipment, 
for chemistry, physics, etc. In the event farm 
mechanics is to be a part of the course, an addi- 
tional $200 worth, together with a suitable' 
room, shall be provided. 

e. A minimum of one acre of land shall be provided in 

order to meet any emergency which may arise. 

3. Minimum of maintenance. 

A. Each school receiving federal aid shall provide a qualified: 

teacher for twelve months. 
A minimum salary of $1500 shall be paid all white teach- 
ers, supervisors and directors of vocational agriculture. 
One month, on pay, will be allowed for professional im- 
provement, provided, the time is spent in college pur- 
suing courses of instruction especially planned for 
teachers, supervisors, or directors of vocational agricul- 
ture. 

B. The local board shall set aside a minimum of $1 per pupil. 

All local boards shall, prior to the approval of the appli- 
cation, furnish evidence that such conveyance as may 
be necessary for the personal supervision of all project 
work, will be provided for the teacher of vocational 
agriculture. 

4. Courses of study. 

A. Boarding pupils in special schools for vocational agricul- 

ture shall devote one hundred twenty minutes daily to- 
theoretical and practical work, including recitation, 
laboratory, supervised study, project study, reports, and 
demonstration. In addition to this, they shall be re- 
quired to devote an average of forty minutes daily for 
nine months to directed or supervised practical work 
on the school farm. Day pupils in special schools shall 
devote one hundred and forty minutes to theoretical 
and practical work including recitation, laboratory, 
supervised study, reports, and demonstration. In ad- 
dition to this, six months' directed or supervised prac- 
tical work shall be required. 

B. Agricultural departments in high schools shall maintain a 

course of study of not less than one year or more than 
four years in length. Students electing vocational ag- 
culture shall devote 50 per cent of the recitation time 
during the school term to such work. The contents of 
this course will vary according to the type of agricul- 
ture practiced in the community. It shall, however, 
consist of both practical and theoretical agriculture. 
The theoretical and practical work shall be given one 
hundred twenty minutes each day and shall include 



—15- 



laboratory, recitation, supervised study, project study, 
reports, and demonstrations. In addition to this, six 
months' directed or practical work will.be required. 

C. Part time and evening classes shall meet at least two hoars 
each week for a period of three months. These courses 
will be organized to give specific information needed in 
the community and so will vary with the locality. The 
requirements concerning supervised practice work are 
the same as for agricultural departments in high 
schools. 

U. Typical courses of study. (Based on weekly program.) 

♦PROPOSED COURSE OF STUDY FOR SPECIAL. SCHOOLS OF 
VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE. 



First Year. 
Subject. Minutes. 

English 200 

General science 200 

Modern history 200 

Plant production 800 

Third Year. 

English 200 

Applied chemistry 200 

Physics and farm law 200 

Fruit production 800 



Second Year. 

Subject. Minutes. 

English 200 

Vocational mathematics 200 

American history 200 

Animal production 800 

Fourth Year. 

English 200 

Applied physics 200 

Industrial history and rural 

sociology 200 

Farm management and farm 

mechanics 800 



"PROPOSED COURSE OF STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTS OF 
VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE. 



First Year. 
Subject. Minutes. 

English 200 

Algebra 200 

Ancient history 200 

Plant production 600 

Third Year. 

English 200 

Vocational mathematics 200 

Chemistry or physics 200 

Fruit production 600 



Second Year. 

Subject. Minutes. 

English 200 

Geometry 200 

Mediaeval and modern history.. 200 

Animal production 600 

Fourth Year. 

English 200 

American history 200 

Rural sociology and economics.. 200 
Farm management and farm 

machinery 600 

*Note. — These courses have been prepared for white schools, but will 
be adapted to meet the needs of individual colored schools. 

Methods of instruction. 

The methods of instruction will vary with the type of schools, 
but shall be based upon : 

Supervised projects in vocational agriculture. 
Recitation and supervised study. 
Project study and reports. 
Demonstration and laboratory work. 

The use of lantern slides, charts, and materials from the 
farm. 



A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 



Qualifications of teachers of vocational agriculture. 

A. A teacher shall have completed a standard four-year course in 
agriculture of college grade. 
If it is found impossible to secure a sufficient number of 
teachers meeting this requirement during the present 
fiscal year, or the next two years, the State Board re- 
serves the right to approve teachers of less technical 
instruction ; provided, that in no case teachers shall 



-16- 



be approved who have not completed at least two years 
of instruction of college grade, and in addition, 24 
semester hours' work in technical agriculture in an 
institution of college grade for 1920-21; 33 semester 
hours of technical agriculture will be required for 
1921-22. 

B. He shall have had: 

(1) At least two years' practical experience on a farm 

after his twelfth birthday. 

(2) Six semester hours' credit in education, or the 

equivalent. 

(3) One-half year's teaching experience in a secondary 

school, either as a regular teacher or in practice 
teaching. 

C. After September 1, 1922, all eligibles for positions as teach- 

ers of vocational agriculture shall have completed the 
four-year course in vocational agricultural education, 
as prescribed by the State Board of Vocational Educa- 
tion, or the equivalent, provided that teachers of such 
qualifications can be secured. 

Qualifications of supervisors or directors. 

A. A supervisor or director shall be : 

a. A graduate of a standard agricultural college, or the 

equivalent. 

b. At least twenty-five years of age. 

B. He shall have had : 

a. At least three years' practical experience on a farm 

after his twelfth birthday. 

b. Six semester hours' credit in education, or the equiv- 

alent. 

c. Two years' teaching experience in a secondary school. 

d. Four years' experience as a teacher or supervisor of 

agriculture. 

C. Supervisors shall have made a detailed study of agricultural 

education. 

Plans for at least six months' supervised practical work. 

A. Each pupil shall be required to spend at least six months' 

time in supervised practical work on the home or school 
farm or a farm adjacent to the school. 

B. The directed or supervised practical work in vocational agri- 

culture may be secured in either of two ways, depend- 
ing upon the type of school: 

a. In special schools, by working on the school farm 

under the immediate supervision of the teacher. 

b. In high school departments of vocational agriculture, 

by working on the home farm under the super- 
vision of the teacher with such cooperation from 
the parent as is necessary to secure effective 
work. The directed or supervised practical work 



—17— 

for the boy who lives on a farm may consist of 
two parts : 

(1) A definite home project which is undertaken 

by the boy with full responsibility on 
his part for both the financing and 
working of the project. This enterprise 
involves the keeping of records, the tak- 
ing of inventories, and the rendering of 
final statements to the teacher and state 
supervisor. 

(2) In addition to the definite project, certain 

home exercises may be carried on, such 
as testing of milk from a herd of cows, 
the pruning and spraying of the orchard, 
or the testing of seed corn. 

C. The teacher of vocational agriculture shall visit each project 

at least twice a month for the purpose of giving such 
assistance as may be necessary. 

D. Each pupil shall report monthly to the teacher upon the 

progress of the project. 

E. A detailed report shall be made to the teacher upon the 

completion of the project, and not until that time shall 
any credit be given. 

F. Financial reports on project work shall be submitted to the 

State Board for Vocational Education before reim- 
bursement for the last quarter is made to the respective 
schools. 



IV. Trade, Home Economics,, and Industrial Education. 

The following tentative budget is offered as the plan for the ex- 
penditure of the federal funds available for trade, home eco- 
nomics, and industrial education : 

A. Evening schools or classes — eleven per cent (11%). 

B. Part-time schools or classes — thirtv-three and one-third per 

cent (33±%). 

C. Unit trade day-schools or classes — thirty-five and two-thirds 

per cent (35f%). 

D. General industrial schools or classes . . ; 

E. Home economics — twenty per cent (20%). 

Trade and industrial education. 

A. The State Board for Vocational Education proposes to aid 
from federal funds during the fiscal year ending June 
30th, 1921, the following types of trade and industrial 
schools. The right is reserved to propose other types 
later if found advisable : 
a. Evening industrial schools. 

(1) Evening schools to give instruction in re- 
lated drawing, science, and mathematics 
to persons engaged in the building and 
metal trades, to textile mill workers, and 



-18- 



B. 



draftsmen in offices and industrial 
plants. 

(2) Evening schools or classes in shop work for 

persons engaged in auto repair work, 
plumbing, machine shop, carpentry, 
printing, garment making, millinery, 
dressmaking, cooking and hotel work. 

(3) Evening schools or classes for men in ship- 

building. 

(4) Evening classes in blue print reading for 

persons engaged in industry who need 
such instruction. 

b. Part-time schools or classes. 

It is expected that part-time classes or schools 
will be organized in several of the larger cities 
of Texas during the year. It is also expected 
that a few towns where cotton mills are lo- 
cated may establish classes. This type of 
training will be classified as: 

(1) Trade-extension part-time schools or classes. 

(2) Trade-preparatory part-time schools or 

classes. 

(3) General continuation part-time schools or 

classes. 

(a) General continuation classes in which 

more than fifty per cent shall be 
general education subjects, 

(b) General continuation classes in which 

fifty per cent or more may be 
commercial subjects. 

(c) General continuation classes in which 

fifty per cent or more of the course 
ma3 r be retail selling subjects. 

c. Unit-trade day schools or classes. 

Where it is found there will be opportunity for 
employment for those taking unit-trade courses 
in the day school. 

d. Conditions in Texas are such, at the present time, 

that no general industrial schools or classes will 
be organized. Where schools or classes in cities 
or towns of less than 25,000 population are or- 
ganized, they will be of the unit-trade type. 
Evening industrial schools or classes. 

a. The controlling purpose shall be to fit for advance- 

ment in the occupation or employment in which 
the persons are engaged. 

b. Only pupils 16 years of age or over shall be admitted 

to the class. 

c. The plant and equipment must be adequate to guar- 

antee practical and efficient instruction. 

d. Ample funds for maintenance must be provided by 



—19- 



the local community to guarantee the successful 
performance of the work. 

e. The courses of study shall be organized as far as pos- 

sible on the unit plan, each trade being broken 
up into small units of instruction to enable the 
student to take all or part of the work as his 
needs require. For examples offered as types of 
courses showing how the instruction should be 
sriven in units, see Industrial Education, Ex- 
hibit I. 

f. Character of school work. 

The work given in these evening classes will be 
so organized as to meet the needs of the pupils, 
and will be supplementary to the day employ- 
ment to increase trade efficiency. It may be 
practical, or related subject work, or both. 

g. Methods of instruction. 

The instruction shall conform to commercial 
shop practices and be given in the form of 
lectures and practice work to meet the needs' 
of the individual pupils, 
h. Qualifications of teachers. 

(1) Shop teachers in evening schools shall be 

men and women who have had at least 
two years' practical experience in the 
trade for which they give instruction. 
They will be selected from men and 
women in the trade, if possible, and 
should be experts in the work taught. 
They shall have completed the elemen- 
tary school in academic work or the 
equivalent. 

(2) The related subjects teachers shall be gradu- 

ates of high schools and have at least 
two years' experience in the trade for 
which the related work is offered; or 
they shall be graduates of at least a two- 
year course in technical school, the 
course to include practical work along 
trade lines, 
i. Salaries of teachers in evening schools for whites. 

(1) Teachers in evening industrial schools or 
classes shall be paid at the rate of not 
less than one dollar and fifty cents per 
hour for the time devoted to the class 
work. 
Part-time schools or classes. 

a. Trade-extension part-time schools or classes. 

(1) The controlling purpose shall be to prepare 
for advancement in useful occupations 
in trade and industrial lines. 



-20- 



(2) Instructions shall be for persons at least 14 

years of age who have entered upon the 
work of a trade or industrial pursuit. 

(3) The plant and equipment must be such as to 

guarantee efficient and practical instruc- 
tion. 

(4) The local community shall provide sufficient 

maintenance funds to carry on the work 
successfully. 

(5) The aim of the courses of study shall be: 

(a) Increased skill or knowledge in the 

occupation which the wage-worker 
is following. 

(b) Skill or knowledge leading to pro- 

motion in the industry or calling 
wherein the wage-worker is en- 
gaged. The type, of course, will 
be the same as used for the evening 
industrial schools or classes. As 
an example as to type and content 
of course see Trades and Industry, 
Exhibit II, 1. 

(6) Methods of instruction shall conform to 

commercial shop practice and be given 
in the form of lectures and practice 
work to. meet the individual needs and 
requirements of the pupils. 

(7) Instruction shall be given for not less than 

144 hours per year. Where it is pos- 
sible the time shall be arranged so that 
the student will devote half the time to 
related subjects and half the time to 
shop subjects; however, all the time 
may be devoted to either. 

(8) The types of teachers whose salaries may be 

paid in part from federal funds are: 
First, shop teachers; second, related sub- 
jects teachers. Both types should be 
persons 25 years or more of age, of good 
personality, good health, high civic and 
personal ideals, and the capacity for 
leadership. 

(a) Shop teachers should have a trade 

experience of at least two years 
beyond the apprenticeship period 
required to learn the trade or its 
equivalent, and in addition an 
elementary school education. 

(b) The related-subjects teachers should 

be graduates from a standard high 
school and have two years' experi- 



—21- 



(2) 
(3) 



(4) 



(5) 



ence in the trades which are to be 
taught; or at least two years' edu- 
cation in a technical school of col- 
lege grade, and successful contact 
with the trade for which academic 
and related instruction is to be 
given, 
(c) Coordinators. 
b. Trade-preparatory part-time schools or classes. 

(1) "The purpose of the trade-preparatory part- 
time school or class is to prepare per- 
sons over 14 years of age who have en- 
tered upon employment for useful occu- 
pation in a trade or industry other than 
the one in which they are employed." 
Pupils must be over 14 years old. 
The plant and equipment must be of stan- 
dard quality and sufficient to guarantee 
efficient work. 
Sufficient funds must be available to guar- 
antee the successful performance of the 
work. 
Owing to the many kinds of work and 
courses possible, each school will be 
dealt with separately. It is not antici- 
pated that many schools of this type will 
be organized soon in Texas. For type 
courses, see trade-extension part-time 
courses, Exhibit II, 2. 
The instruction should be given in the form 
of demonstrations and practical work to 
conform to commercial practices. 
Instruction shall be given for not less than 144 
hours per year. Preferably this should 
be given for four hours, or more per 
week, devoting one-half the time to the 
shop training and one-half to the re- 
lated work. Other distribution of time 
is permissible. 
Qualifications of teachers: 

(a) Shop teachers should be men and 
women at least 25 years of age; 
have two years' experience beyond 
the apprenticeship stage of the 
work; and shall have completed 
the elementary school in academic 
work, or its equivalent. 
Belated subjects teachers should be 
graduates of a first class high 
school and have two years' experi- 
ence in the trades to be taught; or 



(6) 



(<) 



(8) 



(b) 



-22- 



at least two years' education in a 
technical school of college grade, 
and successful contact with the 
trade or trades for which related 
instruction is to be given, 
(c) Coordinators, 
c. General continuation part-time schools or classes. 

(1) General continuation classes in which more 
than fifty per cent shall be general edu- 
cation subjects. 

(a) These classes are for boys and girls 

regularly employed in unskilled 
occupations. The purpose is to 
continue the education of which 
they failed to take advantage in 
school. 

(b) The work should be for persons over 

fourteen years of age. 

(c) The plant and equipment must be 

sufficient to do the work attempted 
in an efficient manner. 

(d) Sufficient maintenance funds must 

be provided to do efficient work. 

(e) Instruction should deal with such 

subjects as: English, history, 
mathematics, civics, geography, 
drawing, and writing, and such 
other subjects as will enlarge the 
civic and vocational intelligence of 
those in the class. See Trades and 
Industry, Exhibit II, 3. 

(f) Instruction should be given in the 

form of lectures, demonstrations 
and recitations. 
■ (g) The work ehoulcl be given for at least 
one hundred and forty-four hours 
per year during the working time 
of the pupil, 
(h) Teachers: 

1. The teachers should be good 

teachers who are qualified 
and have had experience 
in teaching. They should 
have intimate acquaintance 
with the needs of the 
pupils to be taught and 
hold certificates to teach 
the public schools of Texas. 

2. Eeimbursement may be made 

to teachers who spend a 
part or all of their time in 



—23— 



coordinating the work of 
the class with the daily 
employment of the pupils, 
(i) Salaries of teachers in part-time 
schools or classes for whites : 
1. Where teachers are employed 
in vocational part-time 
schools or classes, they 
shall be paid at the rate of 
not less than fifteen hun- 
dred dollars per year for 
the time devoted to such 
part-time vocational work. 
(2) General continuation part-time classes in 
which fifty per cent or more of the time 
ma} r be devoted to commercial subjects. 

(a) The instruction shall be suitable for 

pupils between fourteen and 
eighteen years of age and should 
be closely correlated with the re- 
quirements of the occupations in 
which they are employed. 

(b) The equipment should be adequate 

to meet all the requirements of the 
course. 

(c) The methods used in giving instruc- 

tion should be of the most prac- 
tical character. The course may 
include such subjects as : Prac- 
tical English, business arithmetic, 
business writing, spelling, ste- 
nography, bookkeeping, typewrit- 
ing, mimeograph and multigraph 
operating, advertising, office meth- 
ods, etc. (Exhibit II.) 

(d) The teachers shall be at least twenty- 

three years of age and have the 
equivalent of a four-year high 
school education. In addition, 
the teacher shall have had at least 
one year of practical business ex- 
perience and completed an ad- 
vanced course of not less than 
two years in length, one year of 
which must have been commer- 
cial. Proved ability as a teacher 
shall be required. 

(e) Eeimbursement may be made to 

teacbers of commercial subjects in 
part-time general continuation 
classes, or to coordinators who 



—24— 



(f) 



(g) 



spend a part or all of their time in 
coordinating the work of the class 
and the office. 
Salaries of teachers in part-time 
schools or classes for whites : 
1. Where teachers are employed 
in vocational part-time 
schools or classes, they 
shall be paid at the rate of 
not less than fifteen hun- 
dred dollars per year for 
the time devoted to such 
part-time vocational work. 
At least one hundred and forty-four 
hours per year during the work- 
ing time of the pupils shall be de- 
voted to instruction, 
(3) General continuation classes in which fifty 
per cent or more of the course may be 
retail selling subjects. 
(a) The instruction shall be suitable, for 
pupils between fourteen and 
eighteen years of age and should 
be closely correlated with the re- 
quirements of the occupations in 
which they are employed. 
The equipment should be adequate to 
meet all the requirements of the 
course. 
The methods used in giving instruc- 
tion should be of the most prac- 
tical character. The course may 
include retail selling, textiles and 
merchandise, store problems, busi- 
ness "English, business arithmetic, 
penmanship, spelling, hygiene, 
citizenship, related art, window 
dressing, show-card writing, and 
business ethics. (Exhibit II.) 
Teachers shall be at least twenty- 



0>) 



(c) 



(d) 



(e) 



three years of age and have the 
equivalent of a four-year high 
school education. In addition, 
they shall have had a special retail 
selling teacher-training course of 
at least one year, or the equiv- 
alent. 
Reimbursement may be made to 
teachers of retail selling subjects 
in part-time general continuation 
courses, or coordinators who spend 



—25- 



a part or all of their time in co- 
ordinating the work of the class 
and the store or office. 

(f) Salaries of teachers in part-time 

schools or classes for whites : 
1. Where teachers are employed 
in vocational part-time 
schools or classes, they 
shall be paid at the rate of 
not less than fifteen hun- 
dred dollars per year for 
the time devoted to such 
part-time vocational work. 

(g) At least one hundred and forty-four 

hours per year during the working 
time of the pupils shall be devoted 
to instruction. 
D. Day unit-trade school. 

a. The controlling purpose is to fit for useful employ- 

ment in the trade taught. 

b. Pupils shall be not less than fourteen years of age. 

c. The equipment shall be adequate to teach the trade 

efficiently and to be as near as possible like that 
found in the commercial shop. 

d. The amount provided for maintenance shall be suffi- 

cient to carry the work on efficiently. 

e. The course of study shall be for pupils 14 years of 

age or over. The following conditions will ob- 
tain : 

(1) In such a school or class there must be of- 

fered, as a minimum division of a six- 
hour day, at least three hours of shop 
work on a useful or productive basis, 
which may include such blue print read- 
ing, sketching, shop mathematics, or 
other related subjects as is incident to, 
and therefore, an essential part of the 
instruction. 

(2) In cities of more than 25,000 population, 

this shop work is to be organized on a 
unit-trade basis and to be so conducted 
as, in the language of the law, "to fit 
for useful employment" those "who are 
preparing- for a trade or industrial pur- 
suit." 

(3) The work in the shops must be open to all 

over fourteen years of age who are able 
to profit by the instruction offered and 
who desire "to fit themselves for em- 
plovment in a trade or industrial pur- 
suit." 



-26— 



(4) All pupils taking such shop work must be 

offered facilities for continuing their 
general education either in regular or in 
special classes maintained for the pur- 
pose by the community establishing the 
vocational school or class. 

(5) In addition to this minimum of three hours 

for shop work in a six-hour day, there 
must be offered a course in related sub- 
jects of not less than five hours per 
week. Where pupils taking training for 
unrelated trades are being taught, they 
shall be grouped separately, when num- 
bers justify, for such instruction. When 
grouped together, the instruction shall 
be conducted on an individual basis. 
Such courses in related subjects shall be 
open to all pupils taking shop work 
who are capable of profiting by the in- 
struction, irrespective of their academic 
grade. 

(6) Where an industrial or trade class is oper- 

ated as part of a high school organiza- 
tion, teachers in such general subjects 
as mathematics, physics, and chemistry 
will be expected to make practical ap- 
plications, as far as possible, of the 
mathematical or scientific principles 
which they are teaching, to the shop 
work offered in such high school. 
f.« Instruction will be given by demonstration and ac- 
tual practice, 
g. One-half the total time will be given to practical 
work on a useful or productive basis; the prac- 
tical work will be carried on as nearly like com- 
mercial shop methods as possible, 
h. The length of the school year shall be not less than 

nine months or thirty-six weeks, 
i. The hours of instruction shall be not less than thirty 

hours per week, 
j. Qualifications of teachers : 

(1) Shop or trade teachers should be at least 
twenty-five years old and be masters of 
every part of their trade, and versed in 
its technical knowledge; graduates of at 
least the elementary school, or its 
equivalent; enjoy good health, habits, 
and personality and the abilitj'' to deal 
with adults outside of school, as well as 
with boys and girls in school. They 
should possess teaching ability and un- 



-27- 



E 



F. 



derstancl, as well as be in sympathy 
with, the organization and purpose of 
the vocational school. 

(2) Related subjects teachers should have suffi- 

cient trade experience to enable them to 
make practical application of their in- 
struction. They should have technical 
training in their special subjects equal 
to that represented by graduation from 
a secondary technical school. Their 
persona] and teaching qualifications 
should be similar to those required of 
trade teachers. 

(3) Teachers of non-vocational subjects should 

have a general knowledge of mechanics 
and processes used in the school, to- 
gether with an application of industrial 
problems and the needs of the worker. 
Their educational, personal, and teach- 
ing qualifications should be similar to 
those required of technical teachers, 
k. Salaries of teachers in day unit-trade schools or 
classes for whites : 
Teachers employed to teach in day trade schools 
or classes shall be paid at the rate of not less 
than eighteen hundred dollars per year for the 
time devoted to the vocational trade work. 
Day unit-trade schools in cities of less than 25,000. 

a. (Same as under day unit-trade school in cities of over 

25,000.) 

b. (Same as under day unit-trade school in cities of over 

25,000.) 

c. (Same as under day unit-trade school in cities of over 

25,000.) 

d. (Same as under dav unit-trade school in cities of over 

25,000.) 

e. (Same as under dav unit- trade school in cities of over 

25,000.) 

f. The school year shall be not less than eight months. 

g. The hours of instruction shall be not less than twenty- 

five hours per week, 
h. Qualifications of teachers. 

(Same as under unit-trade schools in cities of over 
25,000.) 
General industrial schools or classes for towns of less than 
25,000 population. 
Since there is no demand for this type of school in Texas, 
where classes are organized in the towns of less than 
25,000 population, the unit-trade class will be the type 
of course followed, 
a. The controlling purpose is to fit for useful employ- 



—28- 



c. 



e. 



ment. Manual training will not be considered 
as meeting the requirements, and will not be re- 
imbursed. 

Pupils shall be at least fourteen years of age. 

The plant and equipment shall be adequate to carry 
on the work efficiently. 

The amount provided for maintenance shall be suffi- 
cient to guarantee the efficient performance of 
the work. 

One-half of the school day shall be devoted to the 
practical work on a useful or productive basis 
and shall include such related mathematics, 
science, blue print reading and shop sketching 
as is incident and essential to the trade. Forty 
minutes of the rest of the day shall be devoted 
to drawing. 

The school year shall be not less than eight months. 

The hours of instruction shall be not less than 
twenty-five hours per week. 

Qualifications of teachers : 

The shop teachers shall be at least twenty-five years 
of age and have the same qualifications as is re- 
quired of teachers of the unit-trade all-day 
classes or schools in cities of over 25,000 popu- 
lation. 



Home economics education. 

A. A statement of the kinds of home economics education which 

the State Board intends to aid from federal funds dur- 
ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921. 

a. Evening home economics schools or classes. 

b. Part-time, home economics schools or classes. 

c. Day schools or classes. 

B. Evening home economics schools and classes. 

a. The evening class student shall be at least sixteen 

years of age. 

b. Required plant and equipment. 

The local board of control shall, previous to re- 
ceiving aid for home economics education, pro- 
vide adequate equipment for the type of courses 
offered. 

c. Minimum for maintenance. 

The State Board for Vocational Education will re- 
quest an approximate statement for maintenance 
adequate for successful instruction. 

d. Character and content of the course of study. 

(1) This should be adapted to local conditions 

and the special interests of the class 
members. 

(2) For types of unit courses which may be of- 



-29- 



e. 



fered in evening home economics classes 
see Home Economics, Exhibit I. 
Character of evening class work. 

The instruction offered in the evening school or 
classes shall be organized to meet the needs of 
the pupils and shall be supplementary to the day 
employment as home maker. Courses in home 
making are designed to provide instruction in 
the subjects in which an efficient home maker 
must be proficient. Such courses shall be open 
to all women, and shall be both elementary and 
more advanced in character in order to meet the 
needs, both of women with little experience in 
home making and of those having either experi- 
ence or previous training in elementary course 

Method of instruction. 

The method of instruction shall be recitation, lab- 
oratory work, and demonstration, or such 'com- 
bination as best meets the needs of the pupils 
and is best adapted to the particular subject. 
The practical work and essential related work 
will not be disassociated into regular recitation 
and laboratory periods, but will be combined 
into one class exercise. 

Qualifications of teachers: 

(1) Practical experience. 

The teacher shall present satisfactory evi- 
dence of actual home and home manage- 
ment experience of at least two years. 
Successful home makers and women 
from the trades who have had special 
courses in the preparation for teachers, 
may be employed for some phases of the 
work. 

(2) Training in home economics. 

The teacher shall be a graduate from a 
two-year course of collegiate grade in 
home economics, in addition to" gradua- 
tion from a four-year high school course 
or the equivalent. Successful trade ex- 
perience shall be accepted in lieu of part 
of the above requirements. 

(3) Professional training. 

The teacher shall have had sufficient pro- 
fessional training to present the work 
effectively. 

(4) The teachers in evening schools for negroes 

shall have had at least two years' train- 
ing in home economics above elementary 
schools, and before being employed for 



—30— 



D. 



such work must be approved by the state 
supervisor of home economics. 
Part-time home economics schools or classes. 

a. Age of pupils. 

The part-time students shall be over fourteen years 
of age and shall have entered upon employment. 

b. Required plant and equipment. 

The plant and equipment shall be such as to guar- 
antee efficient and practical instruction. In gen- 
eral the plant and equipment shall be the same 
as for day schools. If, however, all subjects of 
the day school are not offered, the equipment 
shall be adequate for successful work of the type 
offered. 

c. Minimum for maintenance. 

The State Board for Vocational Education will re- 
quest an approximate statement for maintenance 
adequate for successful instruction in home eco- 
nomics subjects and for the employment of 
teachers meeting the qualifications of the law. 

d. Character and content of course of study. 

The course of instruction for part-time schools 
shall be planned to meet the needs of the class. 
At least fifty per cent of the time will be given 
to home economics subjects. These will, in gen- 
eral, be arranged in a sequence of short units 
similar to evening school work. See Home 
Economics, Exhibit I. 

e. Methods of instruction. 

The method of instruction shall be recitation, lab- 
oratory work, and demonstration, or such com- 
bination as best meets the needs of the pupils 
and is best adapted to the particular subject. 
The practical work and essential related work 
will not be dissociated into regular recitation 
and laboratory periods, but will be combined into 
one class exercise. 

f. Length of term — hours per week. 

The length of term in such schools shall be not less 
than 144 hours of classroom instruction per year, 
nor less than four hours per week. (By hour is 
meant a clock hour of 60 minutes.) 

g. Qualifications of teachers. 

The qualifications of teachers in part-time schools 
shall approximate those of day schools or eve- 
ning school teachers according to the groups of 
students to be instructed and the type of classes 
organized. 
Day schools. 

a. Age of admission. 

Pupils must be fourteen years or over. 



-31- 



Required or minimum plant and equipment. 

The plant and equipment must be sufficient to 
guarantee efficient and practical instruction. 

The State Department of Education will furnish a 
list of equipment which indicates the minimum. 
It is expected that all schools will have more 
than minimum equipment. Information regard- 
ing equipment for negro schools will be provided 
by the Director of Home Economics Teacher- 
training of the Prairie View Normal. 

(1) For food study, cooking and preparation of 

meals. 
A laboratory consisting of desirable equip- 
ment for food study, cooking, and the 
preparation and serving of meals. Suffi- 
cient equipment must be provided for 
individual and group work. 

(2) For garment making and dressmaking. 

One well heated, and lighted, and venti- 
lated laboratory with sufficient and de- 
sirable equipment provided for work in 
garment making and dressmaking. 

There should be at least one machine for 
every four girls, and facilities for press- 
ing, fitting, etc., with necessary small 
equipment. 

(3) For home nursing. 

For home nursing adequate equipment 
must be provided for individual work. 
The State Department of Education will 
furnish a minimum list of necessary 
equipment. 

(4) For laundry work. 

Simple equipment for class practice work 
in laundry work should be provided. 
Minimum for maintenance. 

The local community shall provide sufficient main- 
tenance fund to carry on the work successfully. 
Character and content of course of study. 

( 1 ) The course of study may be one to four years 

in length. The course most in use in 
Texas is a two-years' course. 

(2) Two courses of study may be offered and 

either may he used according to the 
needs of the school. In one of these, 
the half day of practical work is de- 
voted to home economics subjects only, 
and the other half day to related science 
and art and non-vocational subjects. In 
the other program, the half day of prac- 
tical work is devoted to home economics 



-32- 



e. 



and related subjects and the other half 
day to non-vocational subjects. 

(3) For cities and towns of 25,000 population or 

less : 
Instruction may include not less than eight 
months per year and not less than 
twenty-five hours per week. Fifty per 
cent of the time each week shall be de- 
voted to vocational work. 

(4) For cities and towns of 25,000 population or 

more : 
Instruction must include not less than nine 
months per year and not less than thirty 
hours per week. Fifty per cent of the 
time each week shall be devoted to vo- 
cational work. 

(5) For explanation of vocational, non- vocational,, 

related, and home economics subjects, 
see Home Economics, Exhibit II. 

(6) For types of courses of study for all day 

schools, see Home Economics, Exhibit 
III. 
Note 1. In the majority of the schools in 
which vocational home eco- 
nomics is taught this course 
will be given in the ninth and 
tenth grades, and in a few 
schools the work will be given 
through the eleventh grade. 
Note 2. The courses included in the 
Home Economics Syllabus pub- 
lished by the State Department 
of Education, May, 1920, will 
be used in all vocational 
classes, unless the teacher of 
vocational home economics of- 
fers a course, in the beginning 
of the year, which may be ap- 
proved by the state supervisor 
of home economics. This is 
Bulletin 114, procurable from 
the State Department of Edu- 
cation. 
Note 3. For types of vocational home 
economics for negro schools, 
see Home Economics, Exhibit 
IV. 
Methods of instruction. 

Practical work and essential related instruction 
courses involving practical work, will not be dis- 
associated into regular recitation and laboratory 



—33- 



periods, but shall be combined in one class exer- 
cise. The method of instruction should be based 
upon the following: 

(1) The teaching of home economics education 

through both instruction and supervised 
study. 

(2) The abundant use of references and approved 

text books for at least two phases of 
home economics education. 

(3) The abundant use of illustrative material 

from industries, lantern slides, and 
charts. 

(4) Supervised school of home projects in home 

economics education. 
See Bulletin 114, page 9, vocational course. 

At least a half day shall be devoted to practical work 
on a useful or productive basis which may in- 
clude home economics subjects or home eco- 
nomics subjects and related work, provided that 
at least a minimum of 120 minutes of a six- 
hour day and a minimum of ninety minutes of 
a five-hour day will be devoted to -home eco- 
nomics subjects. 

Length of school year. 

(1) In cities or towns of more than 25,000 popu- 

lation the school year must be nine 
months. 

(2) In cities or towns of less than 25,000 popu- 

lation the school year may be less than 
nine months. 
Hours of instruction per week. 

The hours of instruction must include not less than 
thirty hours per week for cities of over 25,000 
population. This may be reduced to twenty-five 
hours per week for cities of less than 25,000 
population. 
Qualifications of teachers. 

( 1 ) The teacher shall present satisfactory evi- 

dence of actual home and home man- 
agement experience of at least two years 
or have acquired such experience as a 
part of her preparation. 

(2) The completion of a four-year course of col- 

legiate grade in vocational home eco- 
nomics education, in addition to gradua- 
tion from a four-year high school course 
or the equivalent. 
Note 1. In order to secure teachers best 
adapted to rural and small 
town conditions, the State- 
Board for Vocational Educa- 



-34- 



tion reserves the privilege of 
making exceptions to the above 
qualifications for the school 
year 1920-21. 

Note 2. Negro teachers of vocational 
home economics who have 
graduated from a two-year 
course in home economics in 
addition to the completion of 
the elementary school will be 
accepted for the years 1920-21 
and ] 921-22. It is the aim of 
. the members of home eco- 
nomics teacher-training staff at 
the Prairie View State Normal 
and Industrial College to be 
able to provide a sufficient 
number of graduates from the 
four -year course in home eco- 
nomics by 1922 to be able to 
increase the standard of the 
home economics teachers in 
the negro schools. 

Note 3. The college course must be such 
as to give at least ten per cent 
of the work in the professional 
branches of education. This 
work in education must include 
one course in psychology, and 
one course in the teaching of 
home economics subjects. Un- 
less the teacher has had experi- 
ence in teaching, her college 
course must have included a 
course in supervised practice 
teaching. 

Note 4. The teachers in evening schools 
for negroes shall have had at 
least two years* training in 
home economics and shall have 
finished one elementary school 
course, and before being em- 
ployed for such work must be 
approved by the state super- 
visor of home economics. 



V. Teacher-Training. 

Proposed percentage use of funds for training teachers of: 
A. Agricultural subjects, including supervision, 33^%. 

a. For work in institutions, 21£% or $9,000.00. 

b. For supervision, 12% or $5,087.00. 



-35- 



B. Trade and industrial subjects, including supervision, 33-J%. 

a. For work in institutions, 21-J% or $9,000.00. 

b. For supervision, 12% or $5,087.00. 

C. Home economies subjects, including supervision, 33£%. 

a. For work in institutions, 21£% or $9,000.00. 

b. For supervision, 12% or $5,087.00. 

Note : The above amounts are approximate. 

Agriculture. 

A. Teacher-training institutions. 

The State Board for Vocational Education proposes to 
train teachers of vocational agriculture in the follow- 
ing state institutions : 
Agricultural and Mechanical College, College Station, 
Texas; Sam Houston Normal Institute; Prairie View 
Normal and Industrial College, Prairie View, Texas 
(for negroes). 
Entrance requirements will not be the same for both 
white and negro institutions. See note below, under 
B., Entrance Requirements. 

Note: Improvement of teachers in service, promo- 
tion of new work, and general supervision of all 
teacher-training work will be done by the repre- 
sentatives of the State Board for Vocational Edu- 
cation. 

B. Entrance requirements: 

Graduation from a four-year high-school course, including 
fourteen units of high-school credit, or the equivalent. 
Note : For negro schools, the completion of the 
tenth grade will be required for entrance. 

C. Length of course : 

a. In years — The course of study shall cover a period of 

at least four years of college grade in agriculture. 

b. In unit hours — The course of study shall consist of 

at least 120 semester hours, or the equivalent. 

D. Courses of study and equipment. 

a. Course of study. 

The course of study should include work in four 
groups of subjects, as follows : 

Per cent. 

Agricultural subjects 38 to 40 

Sciences 25 to 30 

Humanistic 15 to 20 

Professional 10 to 15 

For outline of courses as given by teacher-training 
institutions, see Agriculture, Exhibit I. 

b. Equipment : 

Institutions shall be well equipped with farm ani- 
mals, buildings, land, and machinery; shall have 
adequate laboratory facilities and a sufficient 
staff of competent instructors in all subject 



-36— 



groups to enable the work to be taught effectively. 
Before such institutions will be approved by the 
State Board as entitled to reimbursement from 
the federal funds, equipment and an instruc- 
tional staff must be provided to give vocational 
instruction of college grade in at least the fol- 
lowing lines : agrononty, animal husbandry, 
poultry raising and dairying, horticulture, and 
agricultural engineering, as well as in profes- 
sional lines of agricultural education. 
E. Provisions for observation and practice teaching. 

Each student, before graduation, must have completed at 
least three semester hours of practice teaching in agri- 
culture under supervision of the supervisors of the 
State Department of Education. 
P. Graduation requirements : 

a. A student must complete at least 120 semester hours, 

or the equivalent, including all required courses 
for teachers of agriculture. 

b. Each student must have had at least one year's farm 

experience, after his twelfth birthday, before 
graduation. 
G. Relation to certificate. 

Completion of the vocational agricultural course in an 
approved teacher-training institution entitles a person 
to teach vocational agriculture for one year. Upon the 
• completion of one year's successful teaching of this 
work, the State Board for Vocational Education will 
grant a permanent vocational agricultural certificate. 

Trades and industries. 

A. Teacher-training institutions. 

All teacher-training courses will be under the supervision 
of the State Board for Vocational Education, 

Training of prospective teachers of trade and industrial 
subjects will be given in the following institutions: 

University of Texas, Austin; Agricultural and Mechan- 
ical College, College Station; North Texas State Nor- 
mal College, Denton; Prairie View Normal and Indus- 
trial College, Prairie View (for negroes). 

B. For white schools. 

The work to be undertaken by institutions in the teacher- 
training classes will cover the following: 
a. Shop teachers. 

Shop teachers will be trained in industrial centers 

by itinerant teacher-trainers. 
( 1 ) Entrance requirements : 

Only those persons are eligible who have 
become masters of their trade or who 
are acquiring such mastery at the time 
of enrolling. They shall be graduates 
of an elementary school, or its equiv- 



-:J7— 



alent; have a minimum of two years' 
trade experience beyond the period re- 
quired to learn the trade, commonly 
known as the apprentice period; thev 
shall be at least 25 years of age; be 
chosen because of their high standing 
among the workmen of their trade; and 
possess good health and character. 

(2) Length of course. 

(a) Two years. 

(b) 240 unit hours (class hours). 

(3) Course of study. 

The following is suggested as a course 
which will meet the requirements for 
the average teacher-training course, ex- 
tending over a period of two years with 
a total of two hours per night for 60 
nights per year: 

Mechanics of teaching in practical 

methods — 60 hours. 
Related mathematics, science and 

drawing — 120 hours. 
Observation and practice teaching — 
60 hours. 
Follow-up supervision period after employ- 
ment — two years. This will be done by 
the state supervisors. 

(4) Provisions for observation and practice 

teaching. 
This provision will be made in connection 
with the day classes in the city schools, 
or evening classes to be organized in the 
city where the teacher-training class is 
held. Where necessary, special shop 
classes for this purpose will be organ- 
ized. This will be done under the super- 
vision of the teacher-training staff. 

(5) Graduation requirements. 

Completion of the above course will be sat- 
isfactory evidence of the individual's 
ability to give instruction in shop prac- 
tice. 

(6) Whenever any individual completes the above 

course of study and shows evidence of 
possessing all other required qualifica- 
tions, a special certificate will be issued 
to him. 
b. Related subjects teachers. 

(1) The entrance requirements to courses prepar- 
ing teachers of related subjects shall be 
the completion of a standard four-year 



-38— 



high school course, or its equivalent- 
Due consideration will be given candi- 
dates who have the required experience. 

(a) Teacher of manual training or 

(b) Trade experience in the industry and 

who are of a mature age. 

(2) Length of course. 

(a) In years — 2 to 4 years. 

(b) In unit hours — 3400 hours as a 

minimum. 

(3) The following course of study is submitted 

as a tentative program. Each institu- 
tion may submit minor changes: 

TWO-YEAR COURSE. 



60- 
Minute 


No. of 
Hours 


Approxi- 
mate per- 
cent of 
total 




320 


12 



Non-Vocational Subjects 

English 160 

Science, chemistry or 

physics 160 

Professional Subjects 480 18 

General psychology 80 

Educational psychology.. 80 

History of industrial 

education 80 

Organization and admin- 
istration of industrial 
education 80 

Methods of teaching in- 
dustrial schools 80 

Observation and practice 

teaching 80 

Related Technical Subjects 800 30 

Drawing — machine de- 
sign, including free- 
hand shop sketching.... 200 

Drawing — elementary 
architectural, includ- 
ing freehand sketching 200 

Shop mathematics 200 

Elementary mechanics 
and strength of mate- 
rials 200 

Practical Shop Work 1000 40* 

Woodwork (carpentry 
and cabinet making).. 200 

Electrical construction.... 100 

Machine shop 200 

Forging 100 

Sheet metal 100 

Wood pattern making 
and moulding 100 

Modern building con- 
struction, including 
building codes, draft- 
ing for carpentry, 
electrical wiring, 
plumbing, sheet metal, 
masonry 100 

Auto mechanics — gas en- 
gine and automobile 
work 100 

Total hours in residence.... 2600 

Trade contact, 20 weeks... 880 

Shop work as a carpenter, 

machinist, plumber, sheet 

metal worker, electrical 

constructor, mason or 

auto mechanic, not more 

than ten weeks vacation, 

or after the course has 

been completed. 

Total hours 3480 



-39— 



En 



Provision will be made for giving certain 
courses each summer session in order 
that teachers of manual training who 
wish to qualify as vocational teachers 
may take the above course. By this 
means opportunity will be provided for 
shop teachers now teaching in voca- 
tional schools to extend their qualifica- 
tions. 

(4) Opportunity for observation and practice- 

teaching will be provided at the institu- 
tion, if practicable, in approved unit- 
trade classes or in cooperation with the 
city school system in which the institu- 
tion is located. 

(5) Graduation requirements. Completion of the 

above course. 

(6) Eelation to certificate. A certificate will be 

issued upon satisfactory completion of 
the course. Where the course covers four 
years and fulfills college requirements 
for graduation, a degree will be given as 
well as a certificate in vocational edu- 
cation. 
General continuation, part-time school teachers. The 
State Board does not plan to train general con- 
tinuation part-time school teachers. 
Training of teachers who have entered service. This 
will be done exclusively under the supervision of 
the State Board for Vocational Education. 
(1) Character of work to be undertaken for 
white teachers. 

The State Board for Vocational Edu- 
cation proposes to train teachers in serv- 
ice through an arrangement whereby the 
supervisors for trade and industrial edu- 
cation will devote a large part of their 
time to extension teacher-training as 
follows : 

(a) By making visits and observing the' 

work of the teachers; by instruc- 
tion given in afternoon or evening 
classes. 

(b) Extension courses through: 

"1. Conferences and demonstration. 

2. By correspondence. 

3. By personal visits. 

4. Help in preparing courses of 

study. 

5. Bulletins. 



-40— 



(2) Time devoted to the work. 

The time devoted to the work will vary 
according to the needs of the group 
trained. It may be one or two weeks. 
O. For colored schools. 

The State Board for Vocational EdueatioD offers the fol- 
lowing to be carried out in the training of colored teach- 
ers for trade and industrial schools : 
a. Shop teachers. 

It is proposed to train shop teachers in residence 
at school, or when found advisable, to send an 
itinerant teacher-trainer from the school to the 
industrial center or locality where a class may 
be conducted. 

(1) Entrance requirements: 

Those enrolled in these classes shall be 
graduates of the elementary school or its 
equivalent. They shall have two> years' 
experience beyond the period of learning 
the trade. They shall be at least 22 
years old, possess good health and char- 
acter. 

(2) Length of course: 

(a) One year. 

(b) 120 unit hours (60-minute hours). 

As soon as practicable this shall be 
followed by a second year of 120 
hours. 

(3) Course of study. 

The following course of study is sug- 
gested to meet present requirements : 

Mechanics of teaching (practical meth- 
ods), 40 hours. 

Belated mathematics, drawing and sci- 
ence, 50 hours. 

Observation and practice teaching, 30 
hours. 

Follow-up supervision period after em- 
plovment, 1 year. 

(4) Provisions for observation and practice teach- 

ing. This will be provided by means of 
unit-day trade classes being carried on 
at the institution or in cooperation with 
the city schools where the teacher-train- 
ing class is held, or in evening classes 
conducted for this purpose. This will 
be under the supervision of the teacher- 
training staff. 

(5) Graduation requirements. Satisfactory com- 

pletion of the above course will be evi- 



-41- 



dence of the individual's fitness and 
ability to give instruction in shop prac- 
tice. 
(6) Relation to certificate. Upon satisfactory 
completion of its course and fulfillment 
of all other required qualifications a 
special certificate will be issued. 
Related subjects teachers. 

Related subjects teachers shall be prepared in resi- 
dence at the institution. 

(1) Entrance requirement. 

(a) Graduation from a four-year high 

school, or its equivalent, 

(b) Successful contact with several trades 

as a manual training teacher, or 

(c) Practical experience in trade work 

will be preferred of candidates. 

(2) Length of course. 

(a) In years — 2 to 4 years. 

(b) In unit hours — 3390 hours. 

(3) The following course of study is submitted as 

a tentative program: 



42— 



TWO-YEAR COURSE. 

Approxi - 
60- No. of mate per 

Minute Hours cent of 

total 
Non-Vocational Subjects 280 12 

English 140 

Science, chemistry and 

physics 140 

Professional Subjects 350 14 

Educational psychology.. 70 

History of industrial 
education 70 

Organization and admin- 
istration of industrial 

. education 70 

Methods of teaching in 
industrial schools 70 

Observation and practice 

teaching 70 

Belated Technical Subjects 800 33 

Drawing — elementary 
agricultural, including 
freehand sketching 200 

Drawing — machine de- 
sign, including free- 
hand shop sketching.. 200 

Shop mathematics 200 

Elementary mechanics 
and strength of mate- 
rials 200 

Practical Shop Work 1000 40 

Woodwork (carpentry, 
cabinet making and 
wheelwright work).... 200 

Blacksmithing 100 

Auto mechanics 200 

Tailoring and dry clean- 
ing 100 

Shoemaking 50 

Plumbing 50 

Printing 50 

Laundry work 50 

Stationary engineering.. 100 

Painting 50 

Cement work 50 

Total hours in residence.... 2430 

Trade contact of 20 weeks 
in at least two of the 
above trades. 

Not more than ten weeks 
in one trade to be taken 
during the summer va- 
cation or after gradua- 
tion 960 

Total hours for grad- 
uation 3390 



(4) 



During the summer session certain courses 
will be offered to give teachers of man- 
ual training who wish to qualify as vo- 
cational teachers the opportunity to do 
so. This will also provide opportunity 
for shop teachers in vocational schools 
to extend their qualifications. 
Provision for observation and practice teach- 
ing. 

Sub-collegiate classes in trades and indus- 
tries in the institution may be used for 
practice teaching. College classes may 
be used for observation. 



L3— 



(5) Graduation requirements. 

Completion of the above course is required 
for graduation. 

(6) Eelation to certification. 

The State Board for Vocational Educa- 
tion proposes to certify those students 
completing- the course. If the course is 
planned to cover four years, the institu- 
tion may give a degree in addition to 
the certificate. 

c. General continuation, part-time school teachers. 

The State Board does not plan to train these 
teachers. 

d. Training of teachers who have entered service. 

(1) Character of work to be undertaken. 

The State Board for Vocational Education 
proposes to train teachers in service 
through an arrangement whereby one of 
the teachers of industrial education in 
the Prairie View Normal and Industrial 
College for Negroes will spend a part of 
his time in extension teacher-training as 
follows : 

(a) By visiting the school and observing 

the work of the teachers; by giving 
instruction in afternoon or evening 
classes. 

(b) Extension courses through: 

1. Conferences and demonstra- 

tions. 

2. By correspondence. 

(2) Time devoted to the work. This will vary 

according to the needs of the particular 
group to be trained. 
Home economics. 

A. It is the plan of the State Board for Vocational Education 
to provide for training teachers of vocational home 
economics at the following state institutions: 
University of Texas, Austin, Texas; College of Industrial 
Arts, Denton, Texas; Southwest Texas State Normal 
College, San Marcos, Texas; the Prairie View Normal 
and Industrial College, Prairie View, Texas (for ne- 
groes ) . 
The teacher-training courses given by the University of 
Texas and by the College of Industrial Arts fulfilled 
the requirements of the State Board for Vocational Ed- 
ucation in 1918-19, and these courses are being con- 
tinued with a few changes. The programs of work for 
all of these institutions are included in the Home Eco- 
nomics, Exhibit V. 
a. Improvement of teachers in service, promotion of new 
work, and general supervision of all teacher- 



■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■mMHMHIi 



—44— 



training work will be done by the representatives 
of the State Board for Vocational Education, 
b. Improvement of teachers in service, promotion of new 
work, inspection of equipment in classrooms and 
laboratories in the home economics departments 
in the negro public schools will be done by the 
professor of home economics teacher-training in 
the Prairie View State Normal and Industrial 
College, under the supervision of the state super- 
visor of vocational home economics. 

B. Entrance requirements. 

Graduation from a four-year high school or its equivalent, 
including fifteen units of high school credit. 

Note: For negroes, the completion of the tenth grade or 
fourteen high school units, is necessary for entrance into 
the course offered at Prairie View. 

C. Length of course. 

a. In years. 

The course of study shall cover a period of four 
years. 

b. In unit hours. 

The course of study shall cover at least 1.20 semes- 
ter hours, or its equivalent. 
D. Course of study. 

This will include four groups of subjects with the per- 
centage distribution of hours as follows : 
Home economics subjects, 25%-35%. 
Eelated subjects, 2 5% -20%. ' 
Professional subjects, 10%-15%. 
General subjects, the remainder to make 100%. 

(1) Home economics subjects shall be inter- 

preted as : 

Selection and construction of clothing. ■ 

Textiles. 

Selection and preparation of food. 

Nutrition and dietetics. 

Advanced clothing. 

Child care. 

Household management, including super- 
vised practice work in a home. 

(2) Eelated subjects shall be interpreted as: 

Science : 

Biology. 

Physiology. 

Chemistry (inorganic, qualitative, quan- 
titative, organic, including food analy- 
sis, textile, physiological). 

Physics. 

Bacteriology. 

Home nursing. 



—45- 






Art: 

Elementary design. 

Advanced design, as applied to the 

household. 
House planning. 

(3) Professional courses shall be interpreted as: 

Elementary psychology. 

General methods. 

Special methods. 

Principles of vocational education. 

Practice teaching in home economics.. 

(4) General courses shall be interpreted as: 

English. 

Civics. 

Sociology. 

Economics. 

History. 

E. Observation and practice teaching : 

a. Provision is made in each of these institutions for 

observation and practice teaching. 

In the University of Texas this work is done in 
the Austin Public Schools. 

The College of Industrial Arts maintains a sub- 
freshman year of work which is used for obser- 
vation and practice teaching in home economics. 
Students of this institution will have the oppor- 
tunity to observe in vocational home economica 
departments in near-by schools. 

In the Southwest Texas State Normal at Sam 
Marcos this work is done in the eighth and ninth- 
grades of the training school. 

In the Prairie View State Normal and Industrial 
College (for negroes') this work will be clone in; 
the academy of that institution which includes- 
the ninth and tenth grades. 

b. Each student will have from 40 to 45 ninety-minute 1 

periods of practice teaching under supervision, 
and will have the opportunity to observe in vo- 
cational home economics departments in near-by 
schools. 

F. Graduation requirements : 

a. The course of study in each institution includes a 
strong course in supervised home management. 
Practice cottages are now in use at the Univer- 
sity of Texas, the College of Industrial Arts,, 
and the Southwest Texas Normal College. Au- 
thorities of Prairie View Normal and Industrial 
College promise to make such provision by the 
time the work begins. The appropriations to 
the institutions depend on the carrying out of 
this plan. 



—46- 



G. 



H. 



Besides the twelve weeks supervised home-keeping 
experience, the University of Texas demands 
"evidence of at least two years' experience as a 
house daughter, including a summer period of 
actual home management." 

b. The completion of the prescribed course of study in 

each institution is demanded. Each course con- 
sists of a minimum of one hundred twenty term 
hours. (See Home Economics, Exhibit V.) 

c. (1) AVhen satisfactory home making experience is 

indicated by practical and theoretical 
tests, credit in vocational experience will 
be given. 

(2) Suitable home projects done in high school 

may be accepted as part of the required 
vocational experience. 

(3) Vacation work: At least three 4-week -units 

of vocational experience gained during 
vacation shall be required except in 
cases of institutions requiring twelve 
weeks of practice house work. 
In such cases four weeks of vacation work 
may be omitted. Plans for summer 
work must be submitted and approved 
beforehand by the faculty of the teacher- 
training department and written reports 
must be submitted on the completion of 
the work. 
v (4) Practice house. At present from three to 
twelve weeks of practice house residence 
are required in the state. The plan is 
to require not less than six weeks in any 
institution .as a minimum. 
As soon as funds are available, there will be a demand for 
mature women with home and trade experience for 
teachers of part-time and evening classes. The Univer- 
sity of Texas and the College of Industrial Arts stand 
ready to provide training for these teachers, a plan for 
which will be submitted when the demand is sufficient. 
Eelation to certification. 

a. A special certificate in vocational home economics will 

be granted graduates of teacher -training institu- 
tions by the State Board for Vocational Educa- 
tion. 

b. Graduation from the prescribed course in any one of. 

the teacher-training institutions for vocational 
home economics entitles a person to teach a year 
in a vocational school. At the completion of one 
year's successful teaching of vocational home 
economics the State Board for Vocational Edu- 
cation will grant a permanent vocational home 
economics certificate. 



-47- 



AGRICULTURE. 



EXHIBIT T. 

I. Teacher Training Courses in Vocational Aoeicultuee. 

1. For whites. 

A. Ao-rieultura] and Mechanical College. 

160 semester hours required for graduation. 

FRESHMAN YEAR. 



First Term. 



Eours per 

week 
Th. Pr. 



Agronomy 101 (Crop production). . . 3 
Animal husbandry 103 ( Live stock 

production) 2 

Biology 101 (General botany) 2 

Chemistry 101 (Inorganic) 3 

English 103 (Rhetoric and compo- 
sition) 3 

Military science 101 or 103 1 



14 



Hours per 

week. 
Th. Pr . 
Animal husbandry 104 (Live stock 

production) 2 4 

Biology 102 (General botany) 2 4 

Chemistry 102 (Inorganic) 3 3 

Dairy husbandry 102 (Dairying) ... 3 2 
English 104 (Rhetoric and compo- 
sition) 3 

Military science 102 or 104 1 2 

14 1& 



SOPHOMORE YEAR. 



Agricultural engineering 201 (Farm 

machinery) 2 2 

Animal husbandry 201 (Poultry) .... 2 2 

Biology 201 (Zoologv) 1 4 

English 201 (Literature) 2 

English 203 (Composition) 1 

Horticulture 201 (Plant propagation 

and orcharding) 3 2 

Military science 201 or 203 1 2 

Physics 205 (Agricultural physics) . . 2 4 

14 16 



Biology 202 (Zoology) 1 4 

Chemistry 206 (Organic) .3 2 

Chemistry 212 (Introductory soil 

geology) 3 2 

English 202 (Literature) 2 

English 204 (Composition) 1 

Horticulture 202 (Vegetable garden- 
ing) 3 2 

Military science 202 or 204 1 2 



JUNIOR YEAR. 



Agronomy 301 (Soils) 4 

Chemistry 309 (Agricultural chem- 
istry) 3 

English 301 (argumentation) 1 

Vocational Teaching 305 (Vocational 

education) 3 

•Elective 6 

17 



2 Agronomy 302 (Farm crops) 4 

Economics 306 (Fundamental prin- 

4 ciples) 3 

English 302 (Argumentation) 1 

Vocational teaching 308 (Educational 

psychology) 3 

•Elective 8 



19 



SENIOR YEAR. 



Rural social science 401 (Rural 

economics) 3 

English 401 (Public speaking) ...... 1 

Textile engineering (Cotton classing) 1 
Vocational teaching 401 (Methods of 

teaching agriculture) 3 

Vocational teaching 409 (Supervised 

teaching) 3 

'Elective 8 







English 402 (Public speaking) 1 

Farm "management 402 3 

Rural social science 402 (Rural 

sociology) 3 

Vocational teaching 402 (Adminis- 
tration of high school agriculture) 2 
•Elective 8 



19 2 17 & 

*Elective work to be approved by the professor of vocational teaching. 



—48— 



For negroes. 

Prairie View Normal and Industrial College. 
146 hours required for graduation. 



FRESHMAN YEAR. 



First Semester. 



Second Semester. 



English 301 3 English 302 3 

Mathematics 301 3 Botany 302 3 

Chemistry 301 3 Chemistry 302 d 

Agronomy 1 2 Y 2 Agronomy II .'.'.'. .'.' 2 J 

Veterinary science 1 3 Veterinary science II 3 

Horticulture 1 3 Horticulture II 2 

Animal husbandry 1 3 



17^ 



19 J* 



SOPHOMORE YEAR. 



English 401 3 

Chemistry 501 3 

Zoology 401 3 

Physics 401 3 

Animal husbandry II 3 

History of agriculture 2 



17 



English 402 3 

Agricultural chemistry 1 3 

Zoology 402 3 

Physics 402 3 

Animal husbandry III 3 

Vocational education 1 2 



17 



JUNIOR YEAR. 



Economics 501 3 

Agricultural physics 1 2 

Animal husbandry IV 3 

Farm management 1 2 

(1) Vocational education II 3 

(1) Elective (approved) 3 



Agricultural economics 3 

Agricultural physics II ' 2 

Farm repairs 2 

Farm management II 2 

Horticulture III 2 

(1) Vocational education III 3 

(1) Elective (Free) 3 

17 



SENIOR 

Economic entomology I •. 2 

Genetics 3 

Rural sociology. 2 

(1) Vocational education IV 3 

(1) Observation and critic teaching).. . . 2 

(1) Extension service 1 3 

(1) Rural organisation and cooperation. 2 

(1) Elective (approved) 2 

Elective (free) 3 

22 



YEAR. 

Economic entomology II 1 

Agricultural bacteriology 3 

Horticulture IV 2 

(1) Vocational education V 2 

(1) Practice teaching 2 

(1) Extension service II 3 

(1) Rural credits 2 

(1) Elective (approved) 2 

(1) Elective (free) 3 

21 



TRADES AND INDUSTRY. 

I. Evening Industrial Schools or Classes. 

Courses of Study. 

The course of study for the evening class in industrial education will 
be approved when it meets the following conditions : 

(1) It should give training for the trades and industries dominant 
in the community. 

(2) It should prepare the pupils to meet the demands of the trade 
or occupation he is following, 

(3) It should be based upon the advice and experience of an ad- 
visory committee representing the various trades and industries for 
which the class gives helpful instruction. 

(4) The course of study should be composed of a series of short- 
unit courses. 



-^9- 



(5) It should lead to advancement in the trade. 
Evening- classes are usually planned to give two-hour lessons two or 
three times a week. 

Unit Courses. 

Experience has demonstrated that the productive wage earner can be 
dealt with successfully by short-unit courses which meet his next need 
as a workman and give him his next step forward. The unit course has 
no fixed length. A course may be one hour, ten hours, or fifty hours in 
length. An organization of short-unit courses makes it possible for a 
worker to come into the evening class, take one or more courses he needs 
and depart without interfering with the organization of the school. The 
following courses are suggestive : 

TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION EXHIBITS. 
EXHIBIT I. 

(1) Type course for evening trade extension classes. 

For Auto Mechanics. Time — 2 hours per lesson. 

Wheels 5 lessons 

Axles 5 lessons 

Springs 5 lessons 

Chassis . . •. 5 lessons 

Carburetors 10 lessons 

Engines 20 lessons 

Ignition 5 lessons 

Wiring 5 lessons 

Generators 5_ lessons 

Lubrication 5 lessons 

Type Short-Unit Course for Machinists. Time — 2 hours per lesson. 

Drilling — Flat, circular and irregular work 6 lessons 

Boring — Counter sinking, counter boring, reaming, etc. 6 lessons 
Shaper — Planing, regular, horizontal and vertical sur- 
faces 6 lessons 

Miller — Milling, end, side and slot cuts. Use of divid- 
ing head and cutting gear teeth, etc 10 lessons 

Lathe — Turning, threading, internal and external bor- 
ing, etc 20 lessons 

Grinder — Cylindrical and flat surfaces, tool grinding, 

etc 10 lessons 

Blue print reading 6 lessons 

Mensuration and metric tables 6 lessons 

Applied arithmetic — thread measurements and compu- 
tation. Calculation of horsepower of engines 5 lessons 

Type Short-Unit Courses for Carpenters and Builders. 

Blue print reading 10 lessons 

Making drawings 20 lessons 



-50— 



Use of the steel square 10 lessons 

House framing 10 lessons 

Eoof framing 10 lessons 

Stair building 10 lessons 

Shop mathematics ■ 10 lessons 

Type Short-Unit Course for Table Service. 

Time. 

1. Organization of hotel or restaurant 2 hours 

A. Personnel 1 hour 

1. Kitchen. 

2. Storeroom. 

3. Dining room. 

B. Equipment and supplies 1 hour 

Location of linen, silver, glassware, china, condi- 
ments, etc. 

2. Personal address 3 hours 

A. Appearance. 

1. Uniform. 1 hour 

2. Care of hair. 

3. Carriage. 

4. Care of skin and nails. 1 hour 

5. Care of teeth. 

B. Approach to guest. 1 hour 

Courtesy. 

3. Service. 6 or 7 hours 

A. Preliminaries. 

1. Seating of guests. 

2. Menu card. 

B. Taking the order. 1 hour 

1. Method — written or oral. 

2. Guest's preference in serving of coffee, salad, 

etc. 

C. Setting the table. 

1. Changing the cloth. 

2. Placing napkin, silver, glasses, etc. 

3. Uses of utensils (silver, china, etc.). 

4. For special occasions. 

D. Serving the order. 1 to 3 hours 

1. Use and preparation of tray. 

2. Arrangement of salad, coffee, side dishes. 

3. Method of serving. 

E. Eemoval of dishes. 

1. Method. 1 hour 

2. Disposal of touched and untouched foods. 

3. Cleaning table or counter. 

F. Efficiency. 

1. Speed. • 1 hour 

2. Quality. 

3. Head work. 



—51— 



4. Miscellaneous. 

A. Meaning of menu terms, foreign phrases, etc. 

B. Tips. 

1. Attitude toward. 

2. Amounts generally given. 1 hour 

3. Tips to fellow workers. 

C. Complaints of guests. 

D. Special courtesy to helpless guests. 

5. Washing dishes (with demonstration). 1 hour 

A. Glassware. 

B. Silver. 

C. China. 

6. Service for special dinners and banquets (with demonstra- 

tion). . i hour 

7. Carving and pantry service (with demonstration). 

A. Dining room carving. 

B. Serving of meats. 1 hour 

C. Pantry service. 

8.- Trade ethics. 1 hour 

A. Eelation to fellow workers. 

B. Relation to guests. 

C. Relation to management. 

(2) Types of short-unit course in textiles. 

Cotton Mill Arithmetic — 48 Lessons. 

(a) Addition, inultiplication, subtraction, and division in mill 

terms; ends of warp, bobbins of filling, cans of sliver 
and doffs of roving. 

(b) Decimals and their practical application to mill calculations. 

(c) Proportion in terms of speed, pulleys, and gears. 

• (d) Table of lengths: inches, yards, skeins, and hanks. 

(e) Table of weights: grams, ounces, and pounds. 

(f) Simple yarn calculations. 

(1) Find the counts when the length and weight are 

known. 

(2) Find the length when the weight and counts are 

known. 
(3) Find the weight when the counts and length are 
known. 
Spinning Room Calculations — 8 Lessons. 
A. Draft calculations. 

(a) Find the draft. 

(1) From the gearing. 

(2) From roving being fed and yarn being made. 

(b) Find the draft constant. 

(c) Find the draft gear. 

(1) When the draft and draft constant are 
known. 



—52— 

(2) When changing from one number to an- 

other, the draft and roving both being 
changed. 

(3) When changing from one number to an- 

other, without changing the roving. 

B. Twist calculations. 

(a) Find the twist. 

(1) From the gearing. 

(2) From twist multiplier and yarn to be made. 

(b) Find twist constant. 

(c) Find twist gear. 

(1) When the twist and twist constant are 

known. 

(2) When changing from one number to an- 

other. 

(3) When the frame has a double or compound 

twist gear. 

C. Production calculations. 

(a) Find the production. 

(1) When the revolutions per minute and 

diameter of the front roll, also the counts 
of yarn being made, are known. 

(2) When the revolutions per minute of the 

spindles, the twist, .and the counts of the 
varn are known. 

(3) Short method. 

D. Traveler calculations. 

(a) The size traveler required when changing from one 
number of }^arn to another. 

E. Builder calculations. 

(a) The number of teeth required when changing from 
one number of yarn to another. 

F. Eeading tables. 

(a) Breaking strength. 

(b) Yarn numbers. 

(c) Travelers. 

(d) Drafts. 

(e) Draft gears. 

(f) Twists. 

(g) Twist gears, 
(h) Production. 

(i) Wages. 
(j) Humidity. 

G. Figuring th£ pay roll. 

(a) Day work. 

(b) Piecework. 

These textile courses are taken from Federal Bulletin No. 30. 



Suggestive Material for Outlining Short-Unit Courses. 

Electricians.. — Making drawings, Reading drawings. Inside and out- 
side wiring. Motor work. 



—53- 



Plumbers. — Reading drawings. Making drawings. Shop mathe- 
matics. 

Cooking. — (1) Catering. (2) Cafeteria service. (3) Cooks. (4) 
Waitress. 

Masons. — Reading drawings. Making drawings. 

Pattern Makers. — Reading drawings. Making drawings. 

Sheet Metal Workers. — Reading drawings. Making drawings. Shop 
mathematics. 

Power Machine Operating. — (1) Elementary. (2) Intermediate. 
(3) Advanced. (4) Special machines. 

II. Trade and Industrial Part-Time School or Classes. 

Chart of difference and similarities in the three types of purl-time 

schools. 



Kind of school. 


Trade extension. 


Trade preparatory. 


General continuation. 


Controlling purpose. 


To supplement daily work. 


To prepare for a trade or 
industrial pursuit. 


To extend and supplement' 
general education. 


Age of admission and max- 
imum age. 


Entrance, 14 years. No 
maximum. 


Entrance, 14 years. No 
maximum. 


Entrance, 14 years. 


Necessary plant and 
equipment. 


Varies according to trade 
or industry; may be small 
in case work is related 
subjects. 


Must approximate that 
used in industry. 


Usual classroom and lab- 
oratory manual training. 


Minimum for maintenance. 


Variable. 


Variable. 


Variable — Least cost of 
three types. 


Character and content of 
courses of study. 


Supplements daily work. 
Depends upon individuals. 


Experiences from vocations 
studied. 


Subjects to enlarge civic and 
vocational intelligence. 


Length of course. 


144 hours a year. Minimum. 


144 hours a year. Minimum. 


144 hours a year. Minimum. 


Qualifications of teachers. 


Master of trade or technical 
subjects or both. 


Master of trade or technical 
subjects or both. 


Teacher of experience in ele- 
mentary or high school with 
appreciation of industry. 


Aim for pupils. 


To better fit for employ- 
ment in work now en- 
gaged in. 


To learn a trade while en- 
gaged in some other occu- 
pation. 


To add to general education. 



EXHIBIT II. 
1. Trade-extension part-time classes. Total time — 144 hours. 
Type Course for Cabinet Workers. 

Hrs. per Wk. Wks. 



Shop Work. 

Types of machines and their uses 

Related mathematics; strength of ma- 
terials : use of tables 



18 
18 



—54— 

Shop Sanitation. 

Lighting;, heating, safety fusion appliances, 

and laws regulating employment 1 18 

Drawing. 

Blue print reading, sketching, making lay- 
outs for jobs 2 18 

Science. 

Science related to friction, etc., of machines 1 18 

Industrial economics 1 18 

Trade preparatory part-time class. 

Type Course for Telegraphers. 

Hrs. per Wk. Wks. 

Shop work 2 36 

Science 1 36 

Trade technology. 

(1) Related English. (2) Related draw- 
ing. (3) Related mathematics. 
(4) Safety and hygiene. (5) Com- 
mercial geography. (6) Commer- 
cial law 1 36 

Total. 4 36 

General continuation part-time class. 

Total time — 144 hours. 

Minutes per Number 

week. weeks. 

English '60 36 

Geography 30 36 

Mathematics (business arithmetic)....... 60 36 

Penmanship and letter writing 30 36 

Hygiene and physical exercises 20 36 

Spelling " 20 36 

Citizenship 20 36 

Total 240 (4 hours) 36 

'Commercial part-time class. 

Two school years of 144 hours each. 

Minutes per 

Pirst year : week. 

Practical English 60 

Business arithmetic 40 

Spelling 20 

Business writing 30 

Hygiene aud plrysical exercises 20 

First lessons in business 60 

Citizenship 10 

Total 240 



—55— 

Second year : 

Practical English and word study 60 

Business writing 30 

Hygiene and physical exercises 20 

Elementary bookkeeping, business practice and ap- 
plied arithmetic 60 

Commercial geography 20 

Citizenship 10 

Piling 40 

Total 240 

For those who have completed at least two years of high school 
work either of the following courses is suggested: 

Minutes each 
evening. 
Practical English, including spelling and word study 30 

Business arithmetic 30 

Elementary bookkeeping and business practice .... 40 

Business writing 20 

Total 120 

Business English and correspondence 60 

Typewriting 60 

Total 120 

5. Retail selling part-time class. 

Number 
hours. 

Arithmetic 26 

Spelling 3 

Practical English 6 

Penmanship ^ 

Hygiene 5^ 

Recreation and calisthenics 6 

Salesmanship 14 

Demonstration sales 9 

Merchandise studv 9 

Textiles ' '. 46 

Business ethics 3 

System 3 

Store visits 3 

Miscellaneous 10 

Total 144 



—56- 



EXHIBIT III. 

III. Day Ujstit-Tkade School. 

Type Course for Towns of 25,000 or More Population. 

Hours per Number 

week. weeks. 

Shop work, minimum time 15 36 

Belated subjects, minimum time 5 36 

1. Drawing. 

2. Science. 

3. Mathematics. 

Non-vocational subjects 10 36 

1. English. 

2. History. 

3. Civics. 

Type Course for Towns of Less Than 25,000 Population. 

Shop work, minimum time 12-J 32 

Eelated subjects, minimum time 5 32 

1. Drawing. 

2. Science. 

3. Mathematics. 

Non-vocational subjects 7-4 32 

1. English. 

2. History. 

3. Civics. 

IV. Teacheb-Tkainltstg Coueses in Teades and Industey. 

EXHIBIT IV. 

1. Courses Offered by the Agricultural and Mechanical College for 
Training Shop Teachers in Industrial Centers. 

For the training of teachers of shop the following courses will be 
offered to tradesmen in evening classes : 

Course A — Methods of teaching, Allen's book 60 hours 

Course B — Trade analysis, related subjects, and practice teach- 
ing 60 hours 

Course C — Special supervised related subjects, the student at- 
tending evening trade extension classes 60 hours 

Course D — Practice teaching, the student doing regular teach- 
ing in evening trade extension classes 60 hours 



—57— 

Four- Year Course in Vocational Education at the College for 
Training Eelated Subjects Teachers. 



FRESHMAN YEAR. 



First Term. 



Hours per 

week. 

Th. Pr. 

Chemistry (Inorganic) 3 3 

Drawing (Mechanical) 3 

Drawing (Descriptive geometry) 2 

Drawing (Freehand) 1 

English (Rhetoric and composition) 3 

Mathematics (Algebra) 3 

Mathematics (Trigonometry) 3 

Mechanical engineering (Elementary mechanics) 1 

Mechanical engineering (Woodwork) 3 

Military science 1 2 

16 12 



Hours per 
Second Term. week. 

Th. Pr. 

Chemistry (Inorganic) 3 3 

Drawing (Mechanical) 3 

Drawing (Descriptive geometry) 2 

Drawing (Freehand) 1 

English (Rhetoric and composition) 3 

Mathematics (Algebra) 3 

Mathematics (Analytics) 3 

Mechanical engineering (Elementary mechanics) 1 

Mechanical engineering (Forging) 3 

Military science 1 2 

16 12 



SOPHOMORE YEAR. 



Chemical engineering (Industrial chemistry).. . 3 

Drawing (Mechanical) 

Drawing (Color harmony and design) 

English (Literature) 2 

English (Composition) 1 

Mechanical engineering (Patternmaking and 

foundry work) 

Mechanical engineering (Kinematics) 2 

Military science 1 

Physics (General) 3 



Architecture (Carpentry) . ., 2 

3 Chemical engineering (Metallurgy) 2 

3 Drawing (Mechanical) 

Electrical engineering (Motors, wiring, lighting) 2 

English (Literature) 2 

English (Composition) 1 

3 Mechanical engineering (Patternmaking and 

2 foundry work) 

2 Military science 1 

3 Physics (General) 3 

12 16 13 



JUNIOR YEAR. 



Architecture (Mechanical equipment) 2 

Drawing (Elementary architectural drawing) . . 3 

Mechanical engineering (Machine shop work) . . 3 
Mechanical engineering (Carpentry and cabinet 

making) 3 

Vocational teaching (Vocational education) 3 

Vocational teaching (Related subjects) 3 

♦Elective 8 

16 9 



Drawing (Machine drawing) 

History (Industrial history) 3 

Mechanical engineering (Machine shop work) . . 

Vocational teaching (Educational psychology) . 3 

Vocational teaching (Vocational guidance) 3 

♦Elective 8 



SENIOR YEAR. 



Economics (Fundamental principles) 3 

English (Public speaking) 1 

Mechanical engineering (Sheet metal work) 3 

Vocational teaching (Methods of teaching 

education) 2 2 

Vocational teaching (Related subjects) 3 

•Elective 8 

17 5 



Agricultural engineering (Auto mechanics) 2 

English (Public speaking) 1 

Vocational teaching (Administration and super- 
vision of industrial education) 3 

Vocational teaching (Supervised teaching) 1 

•Elective 9 



•To be approved by the professor of vocational teaching. 

In addition to above, students will spend at least ten weeks at work in two of the trades during the summer vacation . 



EXHIBIT IV (Continued). 

2. Courses Offered by the University of Texas for Training Shop 
Teachers in Industrial Centers. 

The regular evening or part-time course in teacher-training for shop 
teachers will extend over a period of two years, with a total of 240 unit 
hours (class hours). The following is an outline of the proposed course: 

Mechanics of teaching in practical methods 60 hours 

Related mathematics, science and drawing 120 hours 

Observation and practice teaching 60 hours 



—58— 



Two- Year Course in Vocational Education at the University of 
Texas eor Training Belated Subjects Teachers. 



Fall Term. Hrs. 

Shop English 60 

Chemistry 60 

Vocational psychology 60 

Shop mathematics 60 

Drawing — elementary archi- 
tectural 120 

Forging 120 

Practice teaching 60 

Elementary mechanics and 

strength of materials 60 

Machine shop 120 

Drawing— machine design 120 

Building codes 60 

Auto mechanics 60 



FIRST YEAR. 

Winter Term. Hrs. 

Shop English 60 

Vocational psychology 60 

History of industrial education . . 60 

Shop mathematics 60 

Drawing — elementary archi- 
tectural 120 

Pattern making 120 

SECOND YEAR. 

Trade science 60 

Methods of teaching (Allen 

course) 60 

Practice teaching 60 

Elementary mechanics and 

strength of materials 60 

Machine shop 120 

Drawing — machine design 120 



Spring Term. Hrs. 

Physics 60 

History of industrial education. . 60 

Observation of teaching 60 

Woodwork 240 

Shop mathematics 60 

Industrial science 60 

Administration of vocational 

education 60 

Practice teaching 60 

Methods of teaching (Allen 

course) 60 

Electrical shop 120 

Sheet metal shop 120 



Total hours residence work, 2880. 

In addition to the above residence work summer vacation work to- 
taling at least 880 hours will be required in any four of the following 
trades : Carpenter, cabinet maker, machinist, plumber, electrician, 
mason, printer, foundryman, auto mechanic or sheet metal worker. 

HOME ECONOMICS. 

EXHIBIT I. 

I. Types of Unit Courses in Evening and Part-Time Home 
Economics Classes. 

(a) Food. 

(b) Hygiene and home nursing. 

(c) Clothing. 

(d) Home planning and house furnishing. 

(e) Home management. 

The following are types of unit courses for evening or part-time home 
economics schools: (Taken from Bulletin 35, Use and Preparation of 
Food, published by Federal Board for Vocational Education) : 

a. Use and Preparation of Foods. 

Unit 1— Preparation of some simple foods 6 lessons. 

Unit 2 — Fruits and vegetables 6 lessons. 

Unit 3 — Practical ways of using peas, beans, and nuts 6 lessons. 

Unit 4 — Milk, cheese, eggs 7 lessons. 

Unit 5 — Fats 5 lessons. 

Unit 6 — Meat, fish, poultry, game 8 lessons. 

Unit 7 — Batters and doughs 8 lessons. 

Unit 8 — Sugar and sweets 5 lessons. 

Unit 9 — Home preservation of foods 10 lessons. 

Unit 10 — Food for the family 8 lessons. 

Unit 11 — Special modification of the diet 8 lessons. 

Unit 12- — The housekeeper and the food problem 7 lessons. 



—59— 

b. Clothing for the Family. 

Elementary Garment Construction. 

Outline from Bulletin 23 — Federal Board for Vocational Education. 

Unit 1 — Chemise; Hand sewing; Use of patterns 5 lessons. 

Unit 2 — Underskirt— study of machine and its use 5 lessons. 

Unit 3 — Bungalow apron 4 lessons. 

Unit -A — Care and repair of clothing 2 lessons. 

Elementary Dress ma Liny. 

Unit 1— Budget 1 lesson. 

Unit 2 — Washable waists 5 lessons. 

Unit 3 — Washable dresses — possibilities of conservation. . . 9 lessons. 

Unit 4 — Care, repair, and renovation of washable garments . 2 lessons. 

Advanced Dressmaking. 

Unit 1 — Wool dress — possibilities of conservation 11 lessons. 

Unit 2 — Dress form 8 lessons. 

Unit 3— Party dress 9 lessons. 

Unit 4 — Care, repair, renovation, and remodeling of silk 

and wool garments 2 lessons. 

Children's Clothing. 

Unit 1— Layette 4 lessons. 

Unit 2 — Children's clothing — possibilities of conservation. . 4 lessons. 
Unit 3 — Boy's suit, or substitution of child's coat 9 lessons. 

Millinery. 

Unit 1 — The making of hat frame 12 lessons. 

Trimming hats 5 lessons. 

Unit 2 — Care and renovation of hats 2 lessons. 

HOME ECONOMICS. 

EXHIBIT II. 

II. Table Showing Vocational, Non- Vocational, Home Econom- 
ics, and Belated Subjects foe the All-Day School. 

This Outline is Taken from Bulletin 2S, Home Economics Education, 
Federal Board for Vocational Education. 

Textiles and Clothing. 

Home Economics Subjects. 
Textiles and garment making. 
Elementary dressmaking. 
Advanced dressmaking and study 

of clothing. 
House planning and house fur- 
nishing-. 



—60- 



Related Subjects. 
Drawing and design applied to 

clothing and the home. 
Advanced design, including dress 

design and house furnishing. 



Foods and Household Management. 



Food study and cookery. 

Home management (including 

planning and serving of 

meals, household accounts). 
Laundry. 

Elementary dietetics. 
Child care. 

Lunch room and cafeteria cookery. 
Home practice and home projects. 
In the school: 

Noonday lunch. 

Food sales. 

Junior Red Cross. 

G-arment making, for sale, etc. 
In the home : 

Practice in household opera- 
tions. 
Projects, including management. 
Household science (general science 

applied to the household). 
Household accounts. 
Sanitation, physiology, hygiene 

and home nursing. 
Household chemistry. 
Household physics. 



Non-Vocational Subjects. 

English language and literature. 

Civics and citizenship. 

Elementary social science and economics. 

Mathematics. 

Historv. 



HOME ECONOMICS. 
III. . Types of Courses op Study for All-Day Schools. 

Courses of study for an all-day school giving two years of vocational 
work, the vocational half day devoted to home economics and related 
subjects. 

For other types of courses or for courses of greater length correspond 
with State Supervisor of Home Economics, Austin, Texas. 



—61— 


Subjects. 


Units. 


Cities 25,000 and less. 
Time per week 


Cities 25.000 and more. 
Time per week. 




2 


FIRST YEAR. 


5-45 minute periods. 
5-45 minute periods. 

5-120 minute periods. 

300 minutes a week set up as 
5-60 minute periods or 3- 
45 minute periods and 2-90 
minute periods. 

5-45 minute periods. 
5-45 minute periods. 

5-120 minute periods. 

300 minutes a week set up as~ 
5-60 minute periods or 3- 
45 minute periods and 2- 
90 minute periods. 








5-45 minute periods 




2 

1 

y 2 

H 

l 

l A 

Vz 
lory 2 

1 

y 2 

l A 

2 
1 
1 

2 
1 orl^ 

y 2 
y z 
y* 

1 or y 2 

y* 

y 2 
y> 

1 or y 2 
1 or y> 






3-45 minute periods 

and 
2-90 minute periods per week, 

or 
5-60 minute periods per week. 

SECOND YEAR. 






A choice of: 


Costume design and house 








Hygiene and home nursing. . . 






5-45 minute periods 


Vocational 


Advanced clothing 

Advanced food study 


3-45 minute periods 

and 
2-90 minute periods per week, 

or 
5-60 minute periods per week 


Related subjects 

Choice of one not given in first 
year: 
Hygiene and nome nursing. . 
Costume design and house 

furnishing 

Physiology and hygiene 

Household physics 

Household chemistrv 


Note 1. — For one semester of the second year's work, it is often de- 
sirable to give the whole half day to home economics subjects devoting 
half the time to foods and clothing, and half the time to home manage- 
ment. 

Note 2. — The grades taking vocational work in Texas are usually: 
First year vocational work, ninth or tenth grade. 
Second year vocational work, tenth or eleventh grade. 

The eighth grade is rarely a vocational class because the pupils are 
not usually fourteen years of age. 

Note 3. — For outlines of courses of study, see Bulletin 114, Home 
Economics in Texas High Schools, State Department of Education,. 
Austin, Texas. 

HOME ECONOMICS. 

EXHIBIT IV. 

IV. Suggested Vocational Home Economics Course for Negro 

Schools. 

In the negro schools offering vocational home economics the follow- 
ing is a suggestive course of study in which 180 minutes daily is given 
to vocational work interpreted as home economics subjects and related 
subjects in second, third and fourth years, but as home economics work 
entirely in the first year: 



First Year. 

Weeks. Units. 

ISTon- vocational studies 2 

Clothing — elementary sewing. Simple garment con- 
struction. Use of sewing machine emphasized. . . 24 
Foods — elementary food study and cookery, simple meal 

service 24 2 

Sanitation and care of the house and surroundings.... 24 
Home work under supervision of teacher in sanitation, 

clothing, foods. 
.Suggested arrangement : 

Clothing — 90 minutes for 24 weeks. 
Poods — 90 minutes for 24 weeks. 
Sanitation — 90 minutes for 24 weeks. 
First twelve weeks (foods and clothing). 
Second twelve weeks (foods and sanitation). 
'Third twelve weeks (clothing and sanitation). 

Second Year. 

Weeks. Units. 

Two non- vocational" studies 2 

Biology 1 

Clothing 15 

Mending and care. 

Eenovation and remodeling. 

Elementary dressmaking. 
Foods 15 1 

Meal cookery and service. 

Simple home canning. 

Marketing and care of food in home. 
Laundering (including soap making) 6 

Home work in laundering. 

Third Year. 

Weeks. Units. 

Two non-vocational subjects 2 

Physiology, hygiene, home care of sick, first aid 1 

Clothing — dressmaking, simple account keeping 18 

Foods — advanced cookery, including courses in child 
feeding, emphasizing use and care of milk, includ- 
ing the school lunch 18 1 

Fourth Year. 

Weeks.' Units. 

Two non- vocational studies 2 

Science - 

Food study — food preservation. 
Elementary dietetics. 

Preparation of simple foods for the sick 18 

Large quantity cooking and serving (cooperation with 

school lunch is possible) 1 



—63— 

A unit means a 45-minute recitation or ninety- minutes of laboratory 
work daily. 

Note. — When vocational work is interpreted as home economics en- 
tirely, the related work in the second, third, and fourth year is omitted, 
and ninety minutes daily added to time given to home economics studies. 

The following course is designed to reach students in negro schools 
who are over fourteen years of age and are still in the lower grades, but 
who, with special training, could be made able to earn a good living 
along home economics lines. This course should cover two years' work, 
one-half of each day at school being devoted to home economics work, 
practical housekeeping being emphasized : 

First Year. 
English. 
Arithmetic. 

Practical family cooking and serving. 
Practical family laundering. 
Practical clothing and sewing. 
Practical housekeeping (use and care of all conveniences). 

Second Year. 
English. 
Arithmetic. 

Advanced work in cooking and sewing. 
Advanced work in laundering. 
Advanced work in dressmaking. 
Advanced work in canning. 
Cookery for the sick. 
Care of children. 

HOME ECONOMICS. 



EXHIBIT V. 
1. For Whites. 

A. University of Texas. 

Teacher Training Course in Vocational Home Economics. 

Requirement for Degree — 21 Courses. 



FRESHMAN YEAR. 



Credit in 



SOPHOMORE YEAR. 



English I 

Home economics I (Food and its preparation) 

Chemistry I (General) 

Zoology 10 (Physiology) 

Applied mathematics 110 

A numbered course in a foreign language or a lettered 
course followed by a numbered course in the 
sophomore year 

Physical training 



Credit in 

courses. 

1 



Total . 



English 2 or 3 

Home economics 15 (Textiles and clothing) 

Home economics 16 (Applied design) 

Physics 1 (General) 

A numbered course in a foreign language if not com 

pleted in the freshman year 

One other course if needed to make five. 
Physical training. 



Total . 



-6-1- 



J0NI0R YEAR. Credit in 

courses. 
Home economics 11 (Composition and digestion of 

foods) 1 

Home economics 217 fw. (Costume design and 

advanced clothing) f 

Education 203 fw. and 104 s. (Principles of education) 1 

Botany 29 (Bacteriology) 1 

A course in economics 1 

Psychology 101 f . or a one-third course in philosophy . J 

Elective ' J 

Physical training. 

Total 5| 

Grand total 



SENIOR YEAR. Credit in 

courses. 

Home economics 212 fw. (Dietetics) f 

Home economics 211 fw. (Application of principles of 

economics to problems of home making) f 

Home economics 111 s. (Household management and 

practice house residence) f 

Home economics 104 f. (Sanitation) J 

Home economics 121 s. (Home nursing) | 

Education 27 (General and special methods and 

student teaching) 1 

Enough other courses to make five and one-third .... 2 



Total. 



Proportion of Time Given to Courses. 



21 Courses 



Home Economics (approximately) 28%. 

Related (approximately) 23%. 

Professional (approximately) 11%. 

General (approximately) 38%. 



54 



V. Teacher Training Courses in Vocational Home Economics. 

B. College of Industrial Arts. 

Graduation Eequirement — 180 Hours. 



Hrs. 

English 110 3 

■Chemistry 110 3 

History 210 or 211 or 212 3 

Textiles 110 3 

Poods 3 

Physical training 110 

15 



Poods 210 3 

Education 210 3 

Physiology 3 

Design 215 3 

Clothing 210 3 

Physical training 210 

15 



Dietetics 310 3 

Economics 310 3 

Household physics 310 3 

Education 310 3 

Elective 3 



English 210 3 

Education 415 3 

Interior decoration 210 3 

Home nursing 230 3 

Elective 3 

15 



FRESHMAN. 

Hrs. 

English 120 3 

Chemistry 120 3 

History 220 or 221 or 222 3 

Design 125 3 

Foods 120 3 

Physical training 120 

15 

SOPHOMORE. 

Foods 220 3 

Chemistry 210 3 

Physiology 220 3 

Bacteriology 210 3 

Education 220 3 

Physical training 220 

15 

JUNIOR. 

Dietetics 320 3 

Economics 320 or 

Sociology 320 3 

Household physics 320 3 

Education 320 3 

Elective 3 



15 



SENIOR. 



English 220 3 

Home management 330 3 

Education 425 3 

House plans 410 3 

Elective 3 

15 



Hrs. 

English 130 3 

Chemistry 130 3 

History 230 or 231 or 232 3 

Clothing 130 3 

Foods 3 

Physical training 130 

15 



Education 230 3 

Chemistry 222 . * 3 

Laundry 230. . .7 3 

Bacteriology 220 3 

Clothing 220 3 

Physical training 230 



Dietetics 330 3 

Economics 330 or 

Sociology 330 3 

Education 333 3 

Home management 230 3 

Elective 3 

15 



English 230 3 

Economic problems of home 410.. 3 

Millinery 330 3 

Elective 6 



Note. — Child Study 310 (Psychology 310) must be taken during one 
of the quarters of the senior year. Education 430 must also be taken. 

Home Economics courses. 27.94%. 

Belated courses 27.94%, 

Professional courses 14.71%. 

General courses 29.41%. 



—65— 

C. Southwest Texas Normal College. 
Courses of Study for Vocational Home Economics. 



Total for Graduation — 180 Hours. 



FRESHMAN. 



Hrs. 



SOPHOMORE. 



Hrs. 



Clothing (Sewing and textiles) 3 

Foods (Preparation and cooking) 9 

English (Composition, argumentation, public speak- 
ing, and dramatics) 9 

Chemistry (General) 6 

Education (Educational psychology) 3 

Elementary design 3 

Household physics 3 

Biological science (General biology) 6 

Elective • 3 



Clothing (Dressmaking and drafting) 9 

Foods (Elementary course in dietetics) 3 

Chemistry (Organic, physiological) 9 

English (Advanced composition, contemporary 

literature) 6 

Designing 3 

History (Industrial history of modern Europe, 

American history since the Civil War) 6 

Education (Principles of teaching) 6 

Elective 6 



45 



45 



JUNIOR. 



SENIOR. 



Theory of teaching home economics (Equipment, 

methods, course of study) 3 

Clothing (Textiles and tailoring) 9 

Foods (Dietetics, invalid cookery) 6 

Chemistry (Quantitative analysis) 6 

Education (History of education in modern times). . . 3 

Psychology (The psychology of learning) 6 

Bacteriology (Classroom and laboratory bacteriology) 6 

Elective 6 



45 



Household management (Theory and practice of | 

furnishing a home I 

Practice cottage (Application of household manage- \ 9 

ment) I 

Sanitation J 

Dietaries and nutrition _. 9 

Practice teaching in home economics 9 

Sociology (Constructive rural sociology, principles of 

pure sociology) .••;••.••• ^ 

Millinery (A study of the practical and artistic in 

millinery) 3 

Elective 9 

45 



Proportion of Time Given to Courses. 

Home Economics 33^%. 

Eelated 23A%. 

Professional 15 %. 

General 38£%. 



2. For Negroes. 

Prairie View Normal and Industrial College. 

Teacher Training Courses in Vocational Home Economics. 

Courses in Home Economics Leading to Bachelor of Science Degree. 

FRESHMAN. 



First Semester. Hrs. 

English 3 

Clothing 3 

History 3 

Laundering 3 

Foods and cookery 3 

Chemistry 3 



Second Semester. Hrs. 

English 3 

Clothing 3 

History 3 

Laundering 3 

Foods and cookery 3 

Chemistry 3 



18 
SOPHOMORE. 



18 



English 3 

Design lH 

Physics 

Biology 3 

Foods and Cookery 3 

Clothing 3 

Home nursing 1J^ 

Psychology 3 

18 



English 3 

Design 3 

Physics or Biology 1*A 

Foods and cookery 1J-6 

Clothing 3 

Home nursing 1H 

Psychology 3 



18 



—66- 



First Semester. 

English 3 

Household chemistry 1J^ 

Household physics V/2, 

Physiology 3 

Education (General methods) 3 

Household management 3 

Foods and cookery 2 

Clothing 2 

18 



JUNIOR. 
Hrs. 



Second Semester. Hrs. 

English 3 

Household chemistry V/z 

Household physics \Yi 

Physiology 3 

Education (General methods') 3. 

Household management 3 

Foods and cookerv 2 

Clothing 2 

18 



Rural sociology 4 

Child care 2 

Bacteriology and sanitation 3 

Millinery 2 

1 household management 3 



SENIOR. 

Special methods and practice teaching in home 

economics 4 

Child care 2 

Bacteriology and sanitation 3 

Millinery 2 

Supervised household management 3 

14 14 



Proportion of Time Given to Courses. 

Home Economics work 41%. 

Belated work 20%. 

Professional 12%. 

General 26%. 



—67- 



THE SMITH-HUGHES ACT. 

[Public, No. 347, Sixty-fourth Congress.] 
[S. 703.] 

An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational education; to pro- 
vide for cooperation with the States in the promotion of such educa- 
tion in agriculture and the trades and industries; to provide for 
cooperation with the States in the preparation of teachers of voca- 
tional subjects; and to appropriate money and regulate its expendi- 
ture. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled, that there is hereby 
annually appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise 
appropriated, the sums provided in sections two, three, and four of this 
act, to be paid to the respective States for the purpose of cooperating 
with the States in paying the salaries of teachers, supervisors, and 
directors of agricultural subjects, and teachers of trade, home economics, 
and industrial subjects, and in the preparation of teachers of agricul- 
tural, trade, industrial, and home economics subjects; and the sum pro- 
vided for in section seven for the use of the Federal Board for Voca- 
tional Education for the administration of this act and for the purpose 
of making studies, investigations, and reports to aid in the organization 
and conduct of vocational education, which sums shall be expended as 
hereinafter provided. 

Sec. 2. That for the purpose of cooperating with the States in pay- 
ing the salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural sub- 
jects there is hereby appropriated for the use of the States, subject to 
the provisions of this act, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and eighteen, the sum of $500,000 ; for the fiscal j'ear 
ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, the sum of $750,- 
000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and 
twenty, the sum of $1,000,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and twenty-one, the sum of $1,250,000; for the fiscal 
year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-two, the sum 
of $1,500,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hun- 
dred and twenty-three, the sum of $1,750,000; for the fiscal year end- 
ing June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-four, the sum of 
$2,000,000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twenty-five, the sum of $2,500,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June 
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-six, and annually thereafter, the 
sum of $3,000,000. Said sums shall be allotted to the States in the 
proportion which their rural population bears to the total rural popu- 
lation in the United States, not including outlying possessions, accord- 
ing to the last preceding United States census : Provided, That the allot- 
ment of funds to any State shall be not less than a minimum of $5,000 
for any fiscal year prior to and including the fiscal year ending June 
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-three, nor less than $10,000 for 
any fiscal year thereafter, and there is hereby appropriated the follow- 
ing sums, or so much thereof as may be necessary, which shall be used 
for the purpose of providing the minimum allotment to the States pro- 



-68— 



vided for in this section: For the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and eighteen, the sum of $48,000; for the fiscal year 
ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, the sum of 
$34,000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twenty, the sum of $24,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and twenty-one, the sum of $18,000 ; for the fiscal 
year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-two, the sum 
of $14,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twenty-three, the sum of $11,000; for the fiscal year ending June 
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-four, the sum of $9,000; for the 
fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-five, the 
sum of $34,000; and annually thereafter the sum of $27,000.' 

Sec. 3. That for the purpose of cooperating with the States in pay- 
ing the salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and industrial 
subjects there is hereby appropriated for the use of the States, for the 
fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eighteen, the 
sum of $500,000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and nineteen, the sum of $750,000; for the fiscal year ending 
June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty, the sum of $1,000,000; 
for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty- 
one, the sum of $1,250,000 ; for -the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and twenty-two, the sum of $1,500,000 ; for the fiscal 
year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-three, the sum 
of $1,750,000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hun- 
dred and twenty-four, the sum of $2,000,000 ; for the fiscal year ending 
June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-five ,the sum of $2,500,000 ; 
for the fiscal vear ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty- 
six, the sum of $3,000,000 ; and annually thereafter the sum of $3,000,- 
000. Said sums shall be allotted to the States in the proportion which 
their urban population bears to the total urban population in the United 
States, not including outlying possessions, according tc the last pre- 
ceding United States census: Provided, That the allotment of funds 
to any State shall be not less than a minimum of $5,000 for any fiscal 
year prior to and including the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nine- 
teen hundred and twenty-three, nor less than $10,000 for any fiscal year 
thereafter, and there is hereby appropriated the following sums, or so 
much thereof as may be needed, which shall be used for the purpose of 
providing the minimum allotment to the States provided for in this 
section : For the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and eighteen, the sum of $66,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thir- 
tieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, the sum of $46,000; for the fiscal 
year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty, the sum of 
$34,000 : for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twenty-one, the sum of $28,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June 
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-two, the sum of $25,000; for 
the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-three, 
the sum of $22,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and twenty-four, the sum of $19,000 ; for the fiscal year end- 
ing June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-five, the sum of 
$56,000: for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twenty-six, and annually thereafter, the sum of $50,000. 



—69- 



That not more than twenty per centum of the money appropriated 
under this act for the payment of salaries of teachers of trade, home 
economics, and industrial subjects, for any year ,shall be expended for 
the salaries of teachers of home economics subjects. 

Sec. 4. That for the purpose of cooperating with the States in pre- 
paring teachers, supervisors, and directors of agricultural subjects and' 
teachers of trade and industrial and home economics subjects there is 
hereby appropriated for the use of the States for the fiscal year ending 
June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eighteen, the sum of $500,000; 
for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, 
the sum of $700,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and twenty, the sum of $900,000; for the fiscal year ending 
June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-one, and annually there- 
after, the sum of $1,000,000. Said sums shall be allotted to the States 
in the proportion which their population bears to the total population 
of the United States, not including outlying possessions, according to 
the last preceding United States census: Provided, That the allotment 
of funds to any State shall be not less than a minimum of $5,000 for 
any fiscal year prior to and including the fiscal year ending June 
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, nor less than $10,000 for any 
fiscal year thereafter. And there is hereby appropriated the following 
sums, or so much thereof as may be needed, which shall be used for the 
purpose of providing the minimum allotment provided for in this sec- 
tion : For the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and 
eighteen, the sum of $46,000 ; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and nineteen, the sum of $32,000; for the fiscal year 
ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty, the sum of $84,- 
000; for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and 
twenty-one, and annually thereafter, the sum of $90,000. 

Sec. 5. That in order to secure the benefits of the appropriations- 
provided for in sections two, three, and four of this act, any State shall, 
through the legislative authority thereof, accept the provisions of tM» 
act and designate or create a State board, consisting of not less than- 
three members, and having all necessary power to cooperate, as herein> 
provided, with the Federal Board for Vocational Education in the ad- 
ministration of the provisions of this act. The State hoard of educa- 
tion, or other board having charge of the administration of public edu- 
cation in the State, or any State board having charge of the adminis- 
tration of any kind of vocational education in the State may, if the 
State so elects, be designated as the State board, for the purposes of 
this act. 

In any State the legislature of which does not meet in nineteen hun- 
dred and seventeen, if the governor of that State, so far as he is author- 
ized to do so, shall accept the provisions of this act and designate or 
create a State board of not less than three members to act in cooperation 
with the Federal Board for Vocational Education, the Federal Board 
shall recognize such local board for the purposes of this act until the 
legislature of such State meets in due course and has been in session 
sixty days. 

Any State may accept the benefits of any one or more of the re- 
spective funds herein appropriated, and it may defer the acceptance 



-70— 



of the benefits of any one or more of such funds,, and shall be required 
to meet only the conditions relative to the fund or funds the benefits of 
which it has accepted : Provided, That after June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and twenty, no State shall receive any appropriation for sal- 
aries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural subjects, un- 
til it shall have taken advantage of at least the minimum amount ap- 
propriated for the training of teachers, supervisors, or directors of ag- 
ricultural subjects, as provided for in this act, and that after said date 
no State shall receive any appropriation for the salaries of teachers of 
trade, home economics, and industrial subjects until it shall have taken 
advantage of at least the minimum amount appropriated for the train- 
ing of teachers of trade, home economics, and. industrial subjects, as 
provided for in this act. 

Sec. 6. That a Federal Board • for Vocational Education is hereby 
created, to consist of the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of 
Commerce, the Secretary of Labor, the United States Commissioner of 
Education, and three citizens of the United States to be appointed by 
the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. One 
of said three citizens shall be a representative of the manufacturing and 
commercial interests, one a representative of the agricultural interests, 
and one a representative of labor. The board shall elect annually one 
of its members as chairman. In the first instance, one of the citizen 
members shall be appointed for one year, one for two years, and one 
for three years, and thereafter for three years each. The members of 
the board other than the members of the Cabinet and the United States 
Commissioner of Education shall receive a salary of $5,000 per annum. 

The board shall have power to cooperate with State boards in carry- 
ing out the provisions of this act. It shall be the duty of the Federal 
Board for Vocational Education to make, or cause to have made studies, 
investigations, and reports, with particular reference to their use in 
aiding the States in the establishment of vocational schools and classes 
and in giving instruction in agriculture, trades and industries, com- 
merce and commercial pursuits, and home economics. Such studies, 
investigations, and reports shall include agriculture and agricultural 
processes and requirements upon agricultural workers; trades, indus- 
tries, and apprenticeships, trade and industrial requirements upon in- 
dustrial workers, and classification of industrial processes and pursuits; 
commerce and commercial pursuits and requriments upon commercial 
workers; home management, domestic science, and the study of related 
facts and principles ; and probles of administration of vocational schools 
and of courses of study and instruction in vocational subjects. 

When the board deems it advisable such studies, investigations, and 
reports concerning agriculture, for the purposes of agricultural educa- 
tion, may be made in cooperation with or through the Department of 
Agriculture; such studies, investigations, and reports concerning trades 
and industries, for the purposes of trade and. industrial education, may 
be made in cooperation with or through the Department of Labor ; such 
studies, investigations, and reports concerning commerce and com- 
mercial pursuits, for the purposes of commercial education, may be 
made in cooperation with or through the Department of Commerce; 
such studies, investigations, and reports concerning the administration 



—71- 






of vocational schools, courses of study and instruction in vocational 
subjects, may be made in cooperation with or through the Bureau of 
Education. 

The Commissioner of Education may make such recommendations to 
the board relative to the administration of this Act as he may from 
time to time deem advisable. It shall be the duty of the chairman 
of the board to carry out the rules, regulations, and decisions which 
the board may adopt. The Federal Board for Vocational Education 
shall have power to employ such assistants as may be necessary to carry 
out the provisions of this act. 

Sec. 7. That there is hereby appropriated to the Federal Board for 
Vocational Education the sum of $200,000 annually, to be available 
from and after the passage of this act, for the purpose of making or 
cooperating in making the studies, investigations, and reports provided 
for in section six of this act, and for the purpose of paying the salaries 
of the officers, the assistants, and such office and other expenses as the 
board may deem necessary to the execution and administration of this 
act. 

Sec. 8. That in order to secure the benefits of the appropriation for 
any purpose specified in this act, the State board shall prepare plans, 
showing the kinds of vocational education for which it is proposed that 
the appropriation shall be used; the kinds of schools and equipment; 
courses of study: methods of instruction; qualifications of teachers; 
and, in the case of agricultural subjects, the qualifications of super- 
visors or directors; plans for the training of teachers; and, in the case 
of agricultural subjects, plans for the supervision of agricultural edu- 
cation, as provided for in section ten. Such plans shall be submitted 
by the State board to the Federal Board for Vocational Education, and 
if the Federal Board finds the same to be in conformity with the pro- 
visions and purposes of this act, the same shall be approved. The State 
board shall make an annual report to the Federal Board for Vocational 
Education, on or before September first of each year, on the work done 
in the State and the receipts and expenditures of money under the pro- 
visions of this act. 

Sec. 9. That the appropriation for the salaries of teachers, super- 
visors, or directors of agricultural subjects and of teachers of trade, 
home economics, and industrial subjects shall be devoted exclusively to- 
the payment of salaries of such teachers, supervisors, or directors hav- 
ing the minimum qualifications set up for the State by the State 
board, with the approval of the Federal Board for Vocational Educa- 
tion. The cost of instruction supplementary to the instruction in 
agricultural and in trade, home economics, and industrial subjects pro- 
vided for in this act. necessary to build a well-rounded course of train- 
ing, shall be borne by the State and local communities, and no part of 
thp cost thereof shall be borne out of the appropriations herein made. 
The moneys expended under the provisions of this act, in cooperation 
with the States, for the salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of 
agricultural subjects, or for the salaries of teachers of trade, home 
economies, and industrial subjects, shall be conditioned that for each 
dollar of Federal money expended for such salaries the State or local 
community, or both, shall expend an equal amount for such salaries; 
and that appropriations for the training of teachers of vocational sub- 



jects, as herein provided, shall be conditioned that such money be ex- 
pended for maintenance of such training and that for each dollar of 
Federal money so expended for maintenance, the State or local com- 
munity, or both, shall expend an equal amount for the maintenance of 
;such training. 

Sec. 10. That any State may use the appropriation for agricultural 
purposes, or any part thereof allotted to it, under the provisions of this 
act, for the salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricul- 
tural subjects, either for the salaries of teachers of such subjects in 
schools or classes or for the salaries of supervisors or directors of such 
subjects under a plan of supervision for the State to be set up by the 
State board, with the approval of the Federal Board for Vocational 
Education. That in order to receive the benefits of such appropriation 
for the salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural 
subjects the State board of any State shall provide in its plan for 
agricultural education that such education shall be that which is un- 
der public supervision or control: that the controlling purpose of such 
education shall be to fit for useful employment; that such education 
shall be of less than college grade and be designed to meet the needs 
of persons over fourteen years of age who have entered upon or who 
are preparing to enter upon the work of the farm or of the farm 
home ; that the State or local community, or both, shall provide the 
necessary plant and equipment determined upon by the State board, 
with the approval of the Federal Board for Vocational Education, as 
the minimum requirement for such education in schools and classes in 
the State; that the amount expended for the maintenance of such edu- 
cation in any school or class receiving the benefit of such appropriation 
shall be not less annually than the amount fixed by the State board, 
with the approval of the Federal Board as the minimum for such 
schools or classes in the State: that such schools shall provide for 
directed or supervised practice in agriculture, either on a farm pro- 
vided for by the school or other farm, for at least six months per year; 
that the teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural subjects shall 
have at least the minimum qualifications determined for the State by 
"the State board, with the approval of the Federal Board for Vocational 
Education. 

Sec. 11. That in order to receive the benefits of the appropriation 
for the salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and industrial 
subjects the State board of any State shall provide in its plan for trade, 
home economics, and industrial education that such education shall be 
given in schools or classes under public supervision or control; that 
ihe controlling purpose of such education shall be to fit for useful em- 
ployment; that such education shall be of less than college grade and 
shall be designed to meet the needs of persons over fourteen years of 
age who are preparing for a trade or industrial pursuit or who have 
entered upon the work of a trade or industrial pursuit; that the State 
or local community, or both, shall provide the necessary plant and 
equipment determined upon by the State board, with the approval of 
the Federal Board for Vocational Education, as the minimum require- 
ment in such State for education for any given trade or industrial pur- 
suit ; that the total amount expended for the maintenance of such 
education in any school or class receiving the benefit of such appropria- 



--73- 



tion shall be not less annually than the amount fixed by the State 
board, with the approval of the Federal Board, as the minimum for 
sucli schools or classes in the State: thai such schools or classes giving 
instruction to persons who have not entered upon employment shall 
require that at least half of the time of such instruction be given to. 
practical work on a useful or productive basis, such instruction to ex- 
tend over not less than nine months per year and not less than thirty 
hours per week; that at least one-third of the sum appropriated to any 
State for the salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and indus- 
trial subjects shall, if expended, be applied to part-time schools or 
classes for workers over fourteen years of age who have entered upon 
employment, and such subjects in a part-time school or class may mean 
any subject given to enlarge the civic or vocational intelligence of such 
workers over fourteen and less than eighteen years of age; that such 
part-time schools or classes shall provide for not less than one hundred' 
and forty-four hours of classroom instruction per year; that evening 
industrial schools shall fix the age of sixteen years as a minimum en- 
trance requirement and shall confine instruction to that which is supple- 
mental to the daily employment; that the teachers of any trade or in- 
dustrial subject in any State shall have at least the minimum qualifica- 
tions for teachers of such subject determined upon for such State by 
the State board, with the approval of the Federal Board for Vocational' 
Education: Provided, That for cities and towns of less than twenty- 
five thousand population, according to the last preceding United States' 
census, the State board, with the approval of the Federal Board for 
Vocational Education, may modify the conditions as to the length of, 
course and hours of instruction per week for schools and classes giving- 
instruction to those who have not entered upon employment, in order 
to meet the particular needs of such cities and towns. 

Sec. 12. That in order for any State to receive the benefits of the* 
appropriation in this act for the training of teachers, supervisors, or 
directors of agricultural subjects, or of teachers of trade, industrial or 
home economics subjects, the State board of such State shall provide- 
in its plan for such training that the same shall be carried out under 
the supervision of the State board: that such training shall be given 
in schools or classes under public supervision or control; that such 
training shall be given only to persons who have had adequate voca- 
tional experience or contact in the line of work for which they are pre- 
paring themselves as teachers, supervisors, or directors, or who are 
acquiring such experience or contact as a part of their training; and 
that the State board, with the approval of the Federal Board, shall' 
establish minimum requirements for such experience or contact for 
teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural subjects and for teach- 
ers of trade, industrial, and home economics subjects: that not more- 
than sixty per centum nor less than twenty per centum of, the money 
appropriated under this act for the training of teachers of vocational 
subjects to any State for any year shall be expended for any one of the 
following purposes : For the preparation of teachers, supervisors, or 
directors of agricultural subjects, or the preparation of teachers of trade 
and industrial subjects, or the preparation of teachers of home eco- 
nomics subjects. 

Sec. 13. That in order to secure the benefits of the appropriations- 



-74- 



for the salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of agricultural sub- 
jects, or for the salaries of teachers of trade, home economics, and in- 
dustrial subjects, or for the training of teachers as herein provided, any- 
State shall, through the legislative authority thereof, appoint as cus- 
todian for said appropriations its State treasurer, who shall receive and 
provide for the proper custody and disbursements of all money paid to 
the State from said appropriations. 

Sec. 14. That the Federal Board for Vocational Education shall 
.■annually ascertain whether the several States are using, or are prepared 
to use, the money received by them in accordance with the provisions 
<of this act. On or before the first day of January of each year the 
^Federal Board for Vocational Education shall certify to the Secretary 
<of the Treasury each State which has accepted the provisions of this 
:aet and complied therewith, certifying the amounts which each State 
is entitled to receive under the provisions of this act. Upon such cer- 
tification the Secretary of the Treasury shall pay quarterly to the cus- 
todian for vocational education of each State the moneys to which it is 
^entitled under the provisions of this act. The moneys so received by 
•the custodian for vocational education for any State shall be paid out 
-on the requisition of the State board as reimbursement for expendi- 
tures already incurred to such schools as are approved by said State 
board arid are entitled to receive such moneys under the provisions of 
"this act. 

Sec. 15. That whenever any portion of the fund annually allotted 
to any State has not been expended for the purpose provided for in 
this act, a sum equal to such portion shall be deducted by the Federal 
Board from the next succeeding annual allotment from such fund to 
.such State. 

Sec. 16. That the Federal Board for Vocational Education may 
withhold the allotment of moneys to any State whenever it shall be 
determined that such moneys are not being expended for the purposes 
and under the conditions of this act. 

If any allotment is withheld from any State, the State board of such 
State may appeal to the Congress of the United States, and if the Con- 
gress shall not direct such sum to be paid, it shall be covered into the 
Treasury. 

Sec. 17. That if any portion of the moneys received by the cus- 
todian for A^ocational education of any State under this act, for any 
given purpose named in this act, shall, by any action or contingency, be 
diminished or lost, it shall be replaced by such State, and until so re- 
placed no subsequent appropriation for such education shall be paid to 
such State. No portion of any moneys appropriated under this act for 
the benefit of the States shall be applied, directly cr indirectly, to the 
purchase, erection, preservation, or repair of any building or buildings 
or equipment, or for the purchase or rental of lands, or for the support 
■of any religious or privately owned or conducted school or college. 

Sec. 18. That the Federal Board for Vocational Education shall 
make an annual report to Congress, on or before December first, on the 
administration of this act, and shall include in such report the reports 
made by the State boards on the administration of this act by each 
State and the expenditure of the money allotted to each State. 

Approved, February 23, 1917. 



AVAILABLE BULLETINS OF THE DIVISION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION. 

Bulletin No. 106. Laboratory Exercises in Animal Production. 

Bulletin No. 107. Laboratory Exercises in Plant Production. 

Bulletin No. 10S. A Year's Work in Plant Production. 

Bulletin No. 109. Girls' Clothing Contest Plans. 

Bulletin No. 114. Home Economics in Texas High Schools. (Courses of Study.) 

Bulletin No. 115. Courses of Study in Physiology, Hygiene and Home Nursing. 

Bulletin No. 121. Project Study Outlines. 

NEW BULLETINS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. 

Bulletin No. 120. Rural School Libraries. 

Bulletin No. 122. Texas School Laws. 

Bulletin No. 123. Texas High Schools — Directory of Classified and Accredited High Schools. 



BULLETINS OF THE FEDERAL BOARD FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION. 
200 New Jersey Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Annua.1 report. • ■ 

The Vocational Summary, published monthly by the Federal Board for Vocational Education. 

Bulletin No. 12. Emergency War Training for Airplane Mechanics — -Engine Repairmen, Wood- 
workers, Riggers, and Sheet-Metal Workers. 

Bulletin No. 13. (Agricultural Series, No. 1.) Agricultural Education — Organization and Admin- 
istration. 

Bulletin No. 17. (Trade and Industrial Series No. 1.) Trade and Industrial Education — Organ- 
ization and Administration. 

Bulletin No. 18. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 2.) Evening Industrial Schools. 

Bulletin No. 19. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 3.) Part-time Trade and Industrial Education. 

Bulletin No. 20. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 4.) Buildings and Equipment for Schools 
and Classes in Trade and Industrial Subjects. . 

Bulletin No. 21. (Agricultural Series, No. 3.) The Home Project as a Phase of Vocational 
Agricultural Education. 

Bulletin No. 22. (Commercial Education Series, No. 1.) Retail Selling. ' 

Bulletin No. 23. (Home Economics Series, No. 1.) Clothing for the Family. On sale by 
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. 15c per copy. 

Bulletin No. 24. (Commercial Education Series, No. 2.) Vocational Education for Foreign 
Trade and Shipping. . 

Bulletin No. 25. (Agricultural Series, No. 4.) Agricultural Education — Some Problems in 
State Supervision. ;• : ... 

Bulletin No. 27. (Agricultural Series, No. 5.) The Training of Teachers of Vocational Agriculture. 

Bulletin No. 28. (Home Economics Series, No. 2.) Home Economics Education— Organi- 
zation and Administration. . 

Bulletin No. 30. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 5.) Evening and Part-time Schools in 
the Textile Industry of the Southern States. TT 

Bulletin No. 31. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 6.) Training Courses in Safety and Hygiene 
in the Building Trades. .',*-,, .. ^ 

Bulletin No. 34. (Commercial Education Series, No. 3.) Commercial Education— Organiza- 
tion and Administration. . . , 

Bulletin No. 35. (Home Economics Series, No. 3.) Use and Preparation of Food. On sale by 
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. 20c per copy. 

Bulletin No. 36. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 7.) Foreman Training Courses. Part I. 

Bulletin No. 36. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 7.) Foreman Training Courses. Part II. 

Bulletin No. 37. (Home Economics Series, No. 4.) Survey of the Needs in the Field of Voca- 
tional Economics Education. 

Bulletin No. 38. (Trade and Industrial Series. No. 8.) General Mining. • ., _, 

Bulletin No. 39. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 9.) Coal-Mine Gases. On sale by Super- 
intendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. 5c per copy. 

Bulletin No. 40. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 10.) Coal-Mine Timbering. 

Bulletin No. 41. (Trade and Industrial Seiies. No. 11.) Coal-Mine Ventilation. On sale by 
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. 10c per copy. 

Bulletin No. 42. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 12.) Safety Lamps. On sale by Superin- 
tendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. 10c per copy. ?' - 

Bulletin No. 43. (Employment Management Series, No. 8.) The Labor Audit. A method of 
Industrial Investigation. 

Bulletin No. 44. (Employment Management Series, No. 5.) 

Bulletin No. 45. (Employment Management Series, No. 3.) 

Bulletin No. 46. (Employment Management Series, No. 6.) 

Bulletin No. 47. (Employment Management Series, No. 7.) 
Prevention. 

Bulletin No. 48. (Employment Management Series, No. 4.) 
Industrial Training. 

Bulletin No. 49. (Employment Management Series, No. 2.) 
Employees. 

Bulletin No. 50. (Employment Management Series, No. 1.) 
Rise and Scope. 

Bulletin No. 51. (Employment Management Series, No. 9.) 

Bulletin n N? ei 52 n (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 13.) Theory and Practice. Machinist's Trade. 
Bulletin No. 53 (Agricultural Series, No. 6.) Lessons in Plant Production for Southern Schools. 
Bulletin No. 54. (Commercial Education Series, No. 4.) Survey of Junior Commercial Occupa- 

BulletinNo. 55. (Trade and Industrial Series, No. 14.) Compulsory Part-Time School Attend- 

Bulle a Un e No a 56.' (Agricultural Series, No. 7.) Lessons in Animal Production for Southern Schools. 
Bulletin No. 57. (Industrial Rehabilitation Series, No. 1.) Industrial Rehabilitation— A State- 
ment of Policies to be Observed in the Administration of the Industrial Rehabilitation Act. 



The Wage-Setting Process. 
Job Specifications. 
The Turnover of Labor. 
Industrial Accidents and Their 

Employment Management and 

The Selection and Placement of 

Employment Management: Its 

Bibliography of Employment 



MM 



t!£,E. ARY OF CONGRESS 



019 643 972 9 



